A cikin duniyar ban sha'awa na cacti, da sulcorebutia Ya sami wuri na musamman don kyawunsa, kauri, da sauƙin noma. Ko da yake ƙayayanta na iya ba da alamar haɗari da farko, gaskiyar ita ce, yana ɗaya daga cikin zaɓin da ya fi dacewa ga waɗanda ke neman kayan ado, dadewa, da ƙarancin kulawa don gidansu ko ofis. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu koya muku komai game da sulcorebutia, daga asalinsa da halaye na musamman zuwa mafi cikakkun bayanai da shawarwarin kulawa don kiyaye shi mafi kyawun sa na shekaru.
A matsayin ƙarami, ƙaramin cactus, sulcorebutia yana da kyau don girma a cikin tukunya, ko dai a cikin gida ko a waje, yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan kuma ya dace da yanayi mai haske. Bugu da ƙari, baya buƙatar kulawa mai buƙata, Yin shi cikakkiyar shuka ga waɗanda ke da ɗan lokaci kaɗan ko har yanzu suna la'akari da kansu "marasa hankali" tare da tsire-tsire.
Asalin da mazaunin halitta na sulcorebutia
La sulcorebutia Ya fito ne daga Kudancin Amurka, galibi Bolivia da wasu yankuna na arewacin Argentina, kuma ana samun su a wurare da yawa. Yana girma duka a cikin ɓangarorin ɓangarorin hamada da ɓangarorin hamada da kuma a yankuna masu tsaunuka a tsayin tsayi.Wasu nau'ikan suna girma zuwa tsayi sama da mita 3.000 sama da matakin teku, yayin da wasu kuma ana samun su a ƙasa da ƙasa.
Waɗannan mahalli masu ɓatanci sun daidaita daidaitawa da ƙarfin rayuwa na sulcorebutia: Jikinsa mai raɗaɗi yana adana ruwa a cikin dogon lokaci na fari, yayin da halayensa na kashin baya suna kare shi daga ciyawa kuma, ta hanyar rufe epidermis, yana rage ƙazantawa, yana taimakawa wajen adana ruwa na ciki.
Kasar gona ta mazauninta ne kullum m, tare da kadan kwayoyin halitta, wanda ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa Sulcorebutia yana buƙatar substrate tare da cikakkiyar magudanar ruwa da danshi kadan kadan don hana lalacewa.
Halayen ilimin halittar jiki na sulcorebutia
A cikin nau'in Sulcorebutia Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan an haɗa su tare, tare da siffofi kamar Rauschii, steinbachii da mentosa. Duk da gabatar da ƴan banbance-banbance, dukkansu suna raba wasu fasalulluka na gaba ɗaya waɗanda kowane mai sha'awa zai iya gane su cikin sauƙi:
- Karamin ilimin halittar jiki: Karamin tsiro, wanda ba kasafai yake wuce 15 cm ba a tsayi, mai siffa mai siffa, globular, ko ɗan ƙaramin siffa. Ƙaƙƙarfan haƙarƙarin da aka tsara a karkace suna da ƙananan tubercles, wanda a cikin manya yawanci yawan hakarkari 16 a kowace shuka.
- Areolas da kashin baya: The areolas yawanci fari da elongated. Kowane yanki yana da duhu mai yawa, wani lokacin baki, radial spines waɗanda ke nuna ƙasa kuma galibi ana haɗe su zuwa epidermis, suna auna tsakanin 1 zuwa 2 mm. Kashin baya yana zama kariya kuma yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa gumi.
- Girma a cikin yankuna: Yawancin sulcorebutias suna haɓaka masu tsotsa a gefe waɗanda, bayan lokaci, suna samar da ƙugiya mai ƙayatarwa ko mazauna, a gefe suna mamaye tukunya ko sarari a cikin lambun.
- Fure mai ban sha'awa: Furanni gabaɗaya suna bayyana a cikin bazara da lokacin rani, kuma suna da girma tare da ruwan hoda, shunayya, ko violet waɗanda zasu iya girma girma fiye da shuka kanta. Suna sananne saboda yawan bayyanar su kuma suna ƙara taɓawa mai tsananin launi zuwa ga hoto gaba ɗaya.
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da iri: Bayan fure, ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna bayyana dauke da tsaba, masu amfani don yada sababbin tsire-tsire.
Dangane da nau'in da aka zaɓa, zaku sami bambance-bambance a cikin launi na jiki (daga zurfin kore zuwa violet ko sautunan shuɗi a ciki Sulcorebutia rauschii var. violacidermis), da kuma a cikin tsayi da launi na ƙaya da kuma a cikin sautunan furanni.
Jagorar kula da Sulcorebutia: haske, watering, substrate da zazzabi
Sulcorebutia yana daya daga cikin tsire-tsire mafi sauƙi don kulawa a cikin duniyar masu maye., amma wannan ba yana nufin za mu iya mantawa da shi gaba ɗaya ba. Don jin daɗin shuka mai ƙarfi tare da fure mai ban sha'awa, dole ne mu fahimta kuma mu cika wasu takamaiman buƙatu na asali.
Haske: Awa nawa kuke buƙata kuma wane nau'in?
La Sulcorebutia yana jin daɗin matsayi mai haske kuma yana jure wa cikakkiyar rana da kyau.A cikin gida, zai buƙaci taga mafi kyawun rana ko haske kai tsaye mai haske. A waje, yana jin daɗin hasken rana kai tsaye na sa'o'i shida zuwa takwas, kodayake a cikin yanayi mai zafi, ana ba da shawarar kiyaye shi daga rana mai ƙarfi a lokacin bazara don guje wa kunar rana.
A wuraren da hasken halitta bai isa ba, girma zai yi jinkiri, launi zai shuÉ—e, furanni kuma ba su da yawa. A cikin lokuta na musamman, ana iya amfani da cikakken haske na wucin gadi don cacti.
Zazzabi: Yaya juriya ne?
La manufa zazzabi don mafi kyau duka ci gaban sulcorebutia Tsakanin 20ºC zuwa 30ºC a rana. Yana da sauƙin jure zafi muddin akwai isasshen iska.
Haƙuri na sanyi: Wannan tsiron yana jure yanayin zafi ƙasa da 10 ° C matuƙar ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya, amma bai kamata a fallasa shi zuwa sanyi ba, saboda yanayin daskarewa na iya lalata nama har abada. Idan an girma a waje, ana ba da shawarar a motsa shi a cikin gida ko a cikin greenhouse a lokacin watannin sanyi, ko kuma kare shi da barguna masu zafi idan akwai haɗarin sanyi lokaci-lokaci.
Substrate da nau'in tukunya
Substrate yana da mahimmanci ga lafiyar sulcorebutia. Yana buƙatar ƙasa mai magudanar ruwa sosai, tare da guje wa duk wani ɓacin rai. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine amfani da madaidaicin madaidaicin don cacti da succulents, wanda zaku iya haɓakawa da shi m yashi, perlite da volcanic tsakuwaMatsayin da aka ba da shawarar shine 50% cactus substrate, 25% m yashi, da 25% dutsen dutse ko tsakuwa.
Guji abubuwan da ke cikin duniya tare da kwayoyin halitta da yawa ko peat, saboda suna riƙe da danshi da yawa kuma suna iya haifar da ruɓewar tushen.
Amma tukunyar, Zaɓi ƙananan kwantena da aka yi da yumbu ko yumbu mara gilashi., yayin da suke inganta fitar da ruwa mai yawa. Gilashin ya kamata ya kasance yana da ramukan magudanar ruwa, kuma idan kuna amfani da saucer mai tattara ruwa, koyaushe cire ruwa mai yawa bayan shayarwa.
Ban ruwa: Mita da fasaha daidai
Kadan ya fi idan ana maganar shayar da sulcorebutiaWannan tsire-tsire ya fi son yanayin bushewa kuma yana ƙin zafi mai dorewa. Watering ya kamata koyaushe ya zama matsakaici kuma kawai lokacin da substrate ya bushe gaba ɗaya:
- bazara da bazara: Ruwa kowane kwanaki 10 zuwa 14 idan yana da zafi kuma ƙasa ta bushe da sauri. Koyaushe bincika cikakken bushewa kafin sake shayarwa.
- FaÉ—uwa: Ruwan sararin samaniya kowane mako 2-3, dangane da zafin jiki da zafi.
- Winter: Rage shayarwa zuwa sau ɗaya a wata ko ma tsaya idan yanayin zafi ya faɗi ƙasa da 10 ° C. Sulcorebutia ya shiga dormancy, kuma danshi na iya zama m a wannan mataki.
Koyaushe ku bi ka'idodin kada ku bar ruwa da aka tara a gindin tukunyar kuma ku zaɓi shayarwa a gindin (kai tsaye akan ƙasa) maimakon jika jikin shuka.
Takin da kuma hadi
Ba shuka mai buƙata ba ne dangane da takin mai magani, amma na iya amfana da takamaiman takin cactus A lokacin bazara da lokacin rani, ana amfani da taki kowane mako 4-6, ba a cikin faɗuwa ko hunturu ba, kamar yadda tsiron ke barci kuma ba zai sha ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki ba.
Zaɓi taki mai ƙarancin nitrogen kuma mai wadatar potassium da phosphorus don ƙarfafa fure da haɓakar tushen lafiya.
Dasawa: Sau nawa kuma yaya ake yin shi?
Jinkirin girma na sulcorebutia yana ba da damar adana shi a cikin tukunya ɗaya na tsawon shekaru, amma Yana da kyau a dasa shi kowace shekara 2-3 Don sabunta substrate kuma hana tushen tushen. Dasawa a ƙarshen hunturu ko farkon bazara:
- Yi amfani da tukunya mai tsabta, É—an girma fiye da na baya.
- Yi amfani da dasawa don duba yanayin tushen kuma cire duk wani sassa mai laushi ko ruɓe.
- Yi amfani da sabuwar ƙasa, sabo, busasshiyar ƙasa, guje wa shayarwa nan da nan bayan dasawa. Jira 'yan kwanaki don ba da damar shuka ya warke daga damuwa.
- Saka safofin hannu masu kauri don guje wa huÉ—a kuma koyaushe rike shukar ta tushe.
Flowering, haifuwa da ninka na sulcorebutia
Flowering yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun halayen sulcorebutia. Furen sa, masu iya zama ruwan hoda, shunayya, ko ma lemu a wasu nau'ikan, suna fitowa a saman shukar ko kuma a gefe, suna ficewa daga ƙaƙƙarfan jikin cactus. Yawancin lokaci suna bayyana a lokacin bazara da lokacin rani, wani lokaci a cikin adadi mai ban mamaki idan aka kwatanta da girman shuka..
Za a iya maimaita sake zagayowar fure a kowace shekara idan shuka ya karɓa Haske, hutun hunturu, substrate mai dacewa da madaidaicin adadin ruwaBayan fure, ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna girma masu dauke da tsaba don sauƙin yaduwa.
Hanyoyin haifuwa: cuttings da suckers
- Da yara: Sulcorebutia yana haɓaka harbe-harbe na gefe waɗanda za a iya raba su da wuka mai kaifi. Bari raunin ya bushe na kwanaki biyu kuma a dasa harbe a bushe, ƙasa mai kyau. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, zai fara tushen.
- Ta tsaba: Idan ana son yaduwa cikin lambobi, zaku iya tattara tsaba masu girma kuma ku shuka su a cikin tire tare da ƙasa mai haske sosai. Ci gaba da ɗanɗano saman har sai sun girma, sannan ku ci gaba da kula da cacti na yau da kullun.
Dukansu hanyoyin suna da inganci kuma suna ba da garantin shuke-shuke masu lafiya da sauri cikin sauri, musamman ta hanyar yawaitar harbe-harbe na basal ko suckers.
Rigakafin matsalolin da suka fi dacewa, kwari da cututtuka
La Sulcorebutia yana da matukar juriya ga cututtuka muddin ana mutunta bukatunsu na yau da kullun, musamman magudanar ruwa mai kyau da ruwan matsakaici. Duk da haka, waÉ—annan su ne mafi yawan matsalolin:
- Collar da tushen rot: Wanda ya haifar da wuce gona da iri, rashin samun iska, ko shayarwa a lokacin sanyi. Ana iya hana shi tare da magudanar ruwa mai kyau da kuma shayar da aka dace da yanayin.
- Tabobin jiki: Ana iya haifar da su ta hanyar konewar rana mai ƙarfi, musamman a lokacin zafi, ko kuma ta hanyar sabbin tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su dace da su ba.
- Kwari: Wani lokaci ana iya kaiwa hari ta hanyar mealybugs, mites, ko aphids yayin fure. Cire su da hannu ko amfani da takamaiman samfuran halitta idan akwai kamuwa da cuta.
- Fungi na zahiri: Idan muhallin yana da ɗanɗano sosai ko kuma ruwa ya cika, akwai duhun da naman gwari ke haifarwa. Rage shayarwa, ƙara samun iska, da kuma amfani da fungicides idan ya cancanta.
A matsayin rigakafin, koyaushe amfani kayan aikin haifuwa lokacin sarrafa shuka da duba gani lokaci zuwa lokaci don kowane canje-canje mara kyau na bayyanar.
Ƙarin shawarwari, abubuwan ban sha'awa da amfani na ado
Bugu da kari ga na ado darajar ga ta fure mai ban mamaki da siffofi na geometric, sulcorebutia yana da daraja sosai ga masu tarawa saboda ƙarancin wasu nau'ikan, kamar Sulcorebutia rauschii var. violacidermis tare da m sautunan purple ko Sulcorebutia krugerae tare da m jiki da gajerun kashin baya.
Saboda kankantarsa ​​da saurin girma. Sun dace da terrariums, ƙananan lambuna kuma a matsayin ɓangare na tarin cactus.Kasancewar yana buƙatar kulawa kaɗan yana ba wa mutane da yawa damar jin daɗin kasancewarsa a cikin dakuna, baranda, ko terraces masu haske.
A cikin kayan ado, sulcorebutia ya fito waje samar da tabawa na halitta, tsaftace iska da inganta yanayin ku a cikin wuraren aiki, a kan shelves, tebur, ko a cikin sasanninta na musamman. Sauƙaƙan yaɗa shi ta hanyar ƴaƴan ƴaƴan yara yana ba da damar rabawa ko ba shi kyauta ga abokai da dangi masu son shuka.
Sulcorebutia, tare da haɗuwa da taurin kai, kyakkyawa, da sauƙi, shine manufa mai kyau ga waɗanda suke son jin daɗin shuka mai ban mamaki ba tare da rikitarwa ba. Daidaita yanayin yanayi daban-daban, yin fure mai ban mamaki, da haɓaka cikin sauƙi, zai ƙara haɓaka yanayi da bambanci a duk inda kuka sanya shi. Godiya ga kulawa mai sauƙi da aka kwatanta a cikin wannan jagorar, zaku iya kiyaye cactus ɗinku mai ƙarfi da lafiya, yana faranta muku kowane yanayi tare da furanni masu launuka iri-iri da kyan gani.
