Cikakken kulawa mai amfani da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire: jagorar gani da cikakken jagora

Succulent shuke-shuke Ba wai kawai sun fito ne don kyawawan siffofi masu ban sha'awa ba, har ma don iyawar su na adana ruwa a cikin ganye, mai tushe, ko tushen, yana sa su zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don amfani na gida da waje. Sauƙaƙan kulawarsu da ƙarfin ƙarfinsu ya sanya su zama abin fi so a tsakanin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun lambu da novice.

Asalin yafi daga yankunan karkara na Afirka da Amurka, ko da yake akwai fitattun keɓanta a Turai (kamar sempervivum), Succulents suna nuna nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da zasu iya tsira iri-iri iri mai iya iya rayuwa na matsanancin yanayi, daga fari zuwa wasu yanayi, tsananin sanyi. Koyon kulawa da haɓaka waɗannan tsire-tsire shine mataki na farko don jin daɗin kyawun su duk shekara, tun da sanin su. bukatun yana ba su damar zama lafiya, kuzari da bunƙasa.

Menene tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma menene ainihin halayensa?

Kalmar mai cin nasara Yana haɗa nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu masu yawa waɗanda suka haɓaka kyallen jikin jikinsu adana ruwa don tsira a cikin yanayi na karanci. Ana iya samun waɗannan kyallen a cikin:

• ganye (kamar a cikin echeveria y Kalanchoe).
• Mai tushe (euphorbia, cactus).
• Tushen ko rhizomes.

Succulents suna da nau'i-nau'i iri-iri: suna iya zama shrubby, creeping, straight, m ​​rosettes, globose, ko cylindrical. Kalansu sun bambanta tsakanin kore mai haske, shuɗi, ja da shuɗi, wani lokacin yana canzawa dangane da fallasa haske ko fari. Wannan bambancin, haɗe tare da sauƙin daidaitawa, ya bayyana shahararsa a cikin kayan ado da kuma xerophytic lambu.

Cikakken jagora don kula da tsire-tsire masu rarrafe

A ina za a sanya masu maye?

Wuri shine mabuɗin don samun nasarar noman noma. Zaɓin mafi kyawun tabo zai dogara ne akan takamaiman nau'in, amma yawancin masu maye suna buƙatar matakan haske mai girma:

• waje: Mafi kyawun wuri don mafi yawan succulents, musamman cacti da nau'in ganye mai kauri, shine waje, inda za su iya jin daɗin sa'o'i da yawa na hasken rana a rana. Yana da mahimmanci don kare su daga sanyi mai tsanani, tare da ban sha'awa irin su sempervivum wanda ke jure yanayin zafi sosai.
• ciki: A cikin wuraren da ke da lokacin sanyi, ana iya ajiye su a cikin gida muddin suna da haske kai tsaye, wanda zai fi dacewa kusa da taga mai fuskantar kudu ko gabas.

Guji bijirar da su ga canje-canjen zafin jiki ko iska mai sanyi kuma kar a sanya su a cikin inuwa ko wurare masu laushi irin su banɗaki ko wuraren dafa abinci mara kyau, saboda hakan na iya haɓaka bayyanar fungi ko matsalolin girma.

Shin suna buƙatar rana kai tsaye ko inuwa?

• Rana kai tsaye: Mafi yawan nau'in juriya, kamar yawancin cacti ko Aeonium, amfana daga 4 zuwa 6 hours na hasken rana kai tsaye kowace rana.
• Inuwa mai haske: Sauran nau'ikan, kamar haworthia, Sanseviera, ilimin gastronomy, Schlumberg ne y sempervivum, sun fi son wurare da haske mai haske amma an kiyaye su daga hasken rana kai tsaye, musamman a tsakiyar sa'o'i na yini.

Idan ba ku da tabbas game da ingantaccen bayyanar da mai cin gashin ku, zaɓi zaɓin inuwa mai haske kuma ku kiyaye shi: idan ganye Idan sun rasa launi ko mikewa don neman haske (etiolation), tabbas suna buƙatar ƙarin rana. Ya kamata a jujjuya tsire-tsire na cikin gida akai-akai don tabbatar da cewa tsarinsu ya sami daidaitaccen adadin haske kuma ya hana su zama naƙasasshe.

Yadda za a shayar da succulents daidai?

Ɗaya daga cikin mabuɗin don kyakkyawan ci gaban succulents shine sarrafa ban ruwaWadannan su ne muhimman batutuwa:

1. Mitar ban ruwa: Ya danganta da yanayi da yanayi. Gabaɗaya, ruwa sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a mako a lokacin rani (idan yana da zafi kuma substrate ya bushe da sauri) kuma kowane kwanaki 10-15 a cikin hunturu, ko ma žasa idan shuka yana barci.
2. Dabarar ban ruwa: Ruwa sosai har sai ruwa ya bi ta ramukan magudanar ruwa a cikin tukunyar. Kada a yi amfani da kwalabe na feshi ko jika ganye, saboda hakan na iya haɓaka lalacewa. Idan shuka yana cikin ƙasa, tabbatar da cewa ruwan ya shiga cikin yankin tushen.
3. Tabbatarwa: Kafin shayarwa, saka yatsanka ko sanda a cikin ƙasa mai tukunya: idan saman yadudduka (akalla 2-3 cm) sun bushe, lokaci yayi da za a sha ruwa. Ruwa fiye da kima shine babban dalilin mutuwa a cikin succulents.

Mafi kyawun hanyar ruwa shine zurfin watering, tabbatar da cewa kasar tana da danshi sosai amma ba ruwa. Idan tukunya ba ta da ramukan magudanar ruwa, yi amfani da ruwa kaɗan kuma a kula da ƙasa. gumi.

Alamomin matsalar ruwa a cikin succulents

• Rashin ruwa:
  • Ganyayyaki masu yawo ko faduwa.
  • Sannu a hankali ko babu girma.
  • Busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun, ya kasa sha ruwa cikin sauki.
  • Bayyanar kwari saboda rauni.
• Yawan ruwa:
  • Ganyayyaki masu laushi, bayyanannu ko sauƙin rabuwa.
  • Tushen mai laushi, tare da wari mara kyau.
  • Kasancewar mold, mildew ko aibobi masu duhu.
  • Brown, baki ko ruɓaɓɓen tushen sa.

Don gyara ruwa a cikin ƙasa, jiƙa tukunyar a cikin ruwa na rabin sa'a kuma ba shi damar ɗaukar danshi. Idan ruwa ya wuce gona da iri, cire shukar, a bushe ƙasa da takarda mai shayarwa, sannan a ajiye shi a bushe, ƙasa mai bushewa. Cire tushen da ya lalace kuma a yi amfani da fungicides idan ya cancanta.

Ideal ƙasa da substrate ga succulents

Kyakkyawan substrate yana tabbatar da ci gaban shuka da lafiyar shuka. Mafi kyawun ƙasa don succulents ya kamata:

• Haske y da kyau, don gujewa ambaliya.
• Mawadaci a cikin ma'adanai amma ba a wuce gona da iri ba (yawancin abubuwan gina jiki na iya shafar haɓakar yanayinsa).
• Tare da adadi mai kyau na kayan aiki marasa amfani kamar m yashi, lu'u-lu'u, vermiculite da / ko ganyen ciyayi don ƙara porosity.

Nasihar girke-girke ga succulents:

• 2 sassa na ƙasa baki ko peat.
• 1 part m humus.
• 3/4 sassa m yashi.
• 1/2 part perlite da 1/2 part vermiculite.
• 1/2 part gawayi.

Hakanan zaka iya samun takamaiman haɗe-haɗe don cacti da succulents a wurin gandun daji, waɗanda galibi sun haɗa da abubuwan da aka ambata. Nemo ƙarin bayani game da succulents da succulents.

Don amfanin gona na ƙasa, zaɓi yanki tare da mai kyau na halitta magudanun ruwa ko inganta tsarin ta hanyar ƙara tsakuwa ko yashi. Ka guje wa yumbu da ƙasa mai katsewa, saboda suna riƙe danshi mai yawa.

Matsayin tukunya da magudanar ruwa

Zaɓin akwati yana da mahimmanci. Amfani tukwane tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa don ba da damar wuce haddi ruwa ya malala. Tukwane na terracotta suna da kyau, musamman ga masu farawa, yayin da suke sha ɗanɗano daga ƙasa kuma suna rage haɗarin rot. Kuna iya tuntuɓar Yadda ake shayar da succulents a cikin tukwane ba tare da magudanar ruwa ba.

Ka guji sanya miya a ƙarƙashin tukwane ba tare da kula da su ba, saboda tsayawar ruwa na iya lalata tushen.

Ƙarin kulawa: tsaftacewa, juyawa da yanayi

• Ana Share: Kurar da aka tara akan ganye na iya hana photosynthesis. Lokaci-lokaci tsaftace ganye da ƙaya tare da a rigar rigar ko buroshi mai laushi don isa ga sasanninta mafi wahala.
• Juyawa shuka: Juya tukwane lokaci-lokaci domin kowane bangare su sami haske. Wannan zai hana su girma ba daidai ba ko karkace.
• Zazzabi da zafi: Sun fi son dumi yanayin zafi (15-25 ° C) da bushewa yanayi. Kare su daga matsanancin sanyi ta hanyar ajiye su a cikin gida ko a ƙarƙashin rufin idan yanayin zafi ya ragu sosai. Koyaushe guje wa wuraren da ba su da ɗanshi.

Taki succulents: Yaushe da yadda ake taki

Ko da yake ba sa buƙatar tsire-tsire musamman a cikin abubuwan gina jiki, isassun hadi na iya haɓaka su girma da furanni. Aiwatar da takin ruwa musamman don cacti da succulents da aka diluted a cikin ruwan ban ruwa. a lokacin bazara da bazara, kusan sau ɗaya a wata. A lokacin kaka da hunturu, lokacin da suka saba hutawa, a guji takin.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da takin foliar, a shafa tare da mai fesa ga ganye (ko da yaushe a lokuta ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba), bin umarnin masana'anta don guje wa wuce gona da iri.

Yadda ake dasa succulents da cacti mataki-mataki

Yana da kyau a dasa shuki lokacin da shuka ya girma cikin tukunyar, yana da tushe mai tushe, substrate ya ƙare, ko kuma idan an sami matsalolin ruwa. Yana da manufa don yin shi a ciki primavera, ko da yake idan shuka yana cikin mummunan yanayin ana iya yin shi a lokacin rani tare da taka tsantsan.

1. Shirya tukunyar da ta dace (tare da magudanar ruwa) da kuma mahaɗin da aka ba da shawarar a sama.
2. Cire shuka A hankali, guje wa lalata tushen ko mai tushe. Saka safar hannu tare da cacti ko tsire-tsire masu ƙaya. Don manyan samfurori, zaku iya kare su da abin toshe kwalaba da kwali da aka tsare da kirtani, sannan ku nemi taimako wajen sarrafa su.
3. Cire wasu daga cikin tsofaffin ma'auni kuma duba tushen tsarin. Yanke ruɓaɓɓen tushe ko lalacewa da almakashi masu cutarwa.
4. Sanya a cikin sabon tukunya, tsakiyan shuka da kuma cika shi da sabon substrate ba tare da binne wuyan da yawa ba ko barin tushen da aka fallasa.
5. Kar a sha ruwa nan da nan: Jira akalla kwanaki 3 don yankewa da raunuka don warkewa da guje wa kamuwa da cuta.

Mafi na kowa kwari da cututtuka a succulents

Ko da yake suna da yawa mai juriya Ta hanyar dabi'a, kwari ko cututtuka daban-daban na iya shafar succulents, musamman idan ruwa mai yawa ya raunana su, rashin haske ko abubuwan gina jiki:

• Mealybugs: Suna bayyana a matsayin ƙanana, farare, bututun auduga akan ganye da masu tushe. Cizon su yana haifar da rauni da jinkirin girma.
• Aphids: Ƙananan ƙwari kore ko baƙar fata waɗanda ke tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace kuma suna iya haifar da nakasu.
• Ja gizo-gizo: Yana haifar da aibobi da canza launin ganye a kan ganye, galibi tare da lallausan ginshiƙai masu kyau.
• Whiteflies, katantanwa da slugs: Yawancin lokaci suna kai hari ga sassa masu laushi da matasa.

Cututtukan fungal: Mafi yawa mold, phytophthora, tsatsa ko mildew, kusan ko da yaushe hade da high zafi ko rashin samun iska.

Jiyya: Yi amfani da kwayoyin kwari irin su diatomaceous earth ko man neem don sarrafa kwari. Don naman gwari ko ruɓe, a yi amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da yawa da haɓaka iska da magudanar ruwa.

Yadawa da haɓaka succulents: Hanyoyi masu sauƙi

Yada succulents tsari ne mai sauƙi kuma mai gamsarwa, cikakke don faɗaɗa tarin ku ko rabawa tare da abokai. Akwai dabaru da yawa:

• Ta tsaba: Ko da yake yana da hankali, yana ba da damar adadin sabbin tsire-tsire. Shuka a cikin rami mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano a cikin yanayi mai dumi, mai haske. Ci gaba da ƙasa m, amma ba fiye da ruwa.
• Ta hanyar yankan tushe: Yanke sashin lafiya kuma bari ya warke tsawon kwanaki 1-2. Shuka shi a cikin busasshiyar ƙasa mai haske; zai toho saiwoyi.
• Kowane takardar: Wasu nau'ikan (kamar echeveria o Kalanchoe) ba ka damar samun sababbin samfurori ta hanyar sanya ganye mai lafiya a kan ma'auni har sai ya sami tushe.
• Ta masu tsotsa ko harbe-harbe a gefe: Cire tushen da aka samo asali kuma a dasa su kai tsaye bayan barin rauni ya bushe.
• Ta hanyar rarraba: Rushe rukunin tsire-tsire (don masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke girma a cikin rosettes ko mats) da raba sassan da tushensu.

Yin amfani da ma'auni na asali na iya haifar da hanzari. Koyaushe ci gaba da danshi (ba rigar) har sai tushen ya faru, kuma a guji hasken rana kai tsaye na makonnin farko.

Nau'i da misalan succulents da aka ba da shawarar ga masu farawa

Idan kana neman farawa da sauƙi, kayan ado na kayan ado, waɗannan nau'in sun fito ne don taurinsu da sha'awar gani:

murtsunguwa

• Astrophytum asterias: Cactus na duniya, maras kashin baya tare da furanni rawaya a cikin bazara. Yana jure sanyi sanyi.
• Echinocactus grusoni (wurin zama na surukai): Globular lokacin ƙuruciya, yana girma daga baya. Golden spines. Yana buƙatar cikakken rana.
• Mammillaria elongata: Karami da cylindrical, tare da kayan ado na kashin baya da furannin bazara. Yana jure sanyi sanyi.
• Pachycereus pringlei: Manufa don manyan wurare. Yana samar da tsayi mai tushe na columnar kuma yana jure matsakaicin sanyi.

Succulents

• Aeonium arboreum: Ganyen Rosette, kore ko ja dangane da iri-iri. Furanni rawaya. Tauri sosai.
• Haworthiopsis fasciata: Ganyen nama, lanceolate an shirya su cikin rosettes. Cikakke don cikin gida ko wurare masu inuwa.
• Sedum palmeri: Rataye shuka tare da koren ganye da furanni rawaya. Juriya ga tsananin sanyi.
• Sempervivum tectorum: Yana samar da ƙugiya masu ɗanɗano tare da koren ganye da furanni rawaya. Yana jure ma sanyi mai tsanani.

Nasihu da Dabaru masu Ci gaba don Nasara tare da Masu Nasara

• A guji wuce gona da iri: Kadan ya fi yawa, da yawa zai iya zama cutarwa.
• Kula da iska: Wuraren da ke da iska mai kyau yana hana fungi da cututtuka.
• Tabbatar da haske mai kyau: Idan ganye sun rasa launi ko sun yi tsayi, suna buƙatar ƙarin haske.
• Kada a taba fesa ruwa a ganyen, sai dai idan kuna son tsaftace su, kuma koyaushe cikin matsakaici.
• Yi amfani da tukwane masu dacewa: Terracotta yana taimakawa wajen kawar da ruwa mai yawa, amma duk wani akwati mai kyau zai yi.
• tsaftacewa akai-akai: Cire matattun ganye da kuma duba tushe don guje wa matsalolin fungal.
• Kada ku haɗa nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i daban-daban a cikin tukunya ɗaya., don tabbatar da mafi kyawun yanayi ga kowane ɗayan.

Samun succulents yana nufin jin daɗin bambancin siffofi, launuka da laushi, tare da ƙaramin ƙoƙarin da zai yiwu. Naku adaptability da versatility Wannan ya sa su zama kyakkyawan zaɓi ga waɗanda ke son lambun ƙarancin kulawa ko sararin samaniya ba tare da sadaukar da kyau da asali ba. Ta bin wannan jagorar, masu maye gurbin ku koyaushe za su kasance cikin koshin lafiya, suyi girma yadda yakamata, kuma suyi girma zuwa cikakkiyar damarsu, suna cika gidanku ko lambun ku da rayuwa duk shekara.