Yadda ake Shuka Avocado a Lambu: Jagorar Kwararru, Nasiha, da Dabaru

El aguacate, 'Ya'yan itacen itacen avocado (Persea americana), yana ɗaya daga cikin amfanin gona da aka fi so ga waɗanda ke son itace mai albarka, ƙawa da lafiya a cikin lambun su. Godiya ga ta kirim mai tsami, samar da kyakkyawan tushen mai lafiya, bitamin E, C, A, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, jan karfe, da zinc. Koyi yadda ake shuka avocado a gonar Ba wai kawai yana da sauƙi tare da matakan da suka dace ba, amma kuma zai ba ku damar jin daɗin 'ya'yan itace a yatsanku. Wannan labarin cikakken jagora ne kuma faɗaɗawa, yana haɗa duk mahimman bayanai da cikakkun bayanai don tabbatar da nasarar amfanin gonar ku.

Yaushe ne lokaci mafi kyau don dasa avocado?

La avocado shuka Zai fi dacewa a yi shi a cikin bazara, lokacin da yanayin zafi ke tsakanin 20 zuwa 25 ° C kuma haɗarin sanyi ya ɓace. Itacen avocado baya jure sanyi da kyau, don haka mafi sauƙi yanayin, mafi ƙarfin ci gaban farko zai kasance. A cikin wuraren da ke da lokacin sanyi, zaku iya fara aiwatar da germination a cikin gida kuma ku dasa seedling lokacin da yanayi ya fi kyau.

Yadda ake shuka iri avocado mataki-mataki

1. Cire iri ko rami na avocado da kuka ci kawai, kula da kada ya lalata launin ruwan sa na waje.
2. Tsaftace shi sosai da ruwa, cire duk wani ɓangaren litattafan almara.
3. Saka kayan haƙori uku ko huɗu daidai gwargwado don su yi aiki azaman tallafi kuma su ajiye tushe a cikin ruwa lokacin da aka sanya su a gefen gilashi.
4. Cika gilashin da ruwa tabbatar da kasan irin yana cikin hulɗa da ruwa.
5. Sanya gilashin a wuri mai dumi tare da yalwar haske na halitta., zai fi dacewa kusa da taga, guje wa fitowar rana kai tsaye idan yanayin zafi yayi yawa sosai.
6. Tsaftace ruwan canza shi kowane ƴan kwanaki don hana ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta ko mold.
7. En 2-8 makonniYa zama ruwan dare ganin iri ya fashe kuma tushen farko ya bayyana. Daga baya, harbin iska zai fito. Kafin tushen ya girma fiye da 10 cm, zaka iya shirya dasawa.

A duk wannan mataki, da zafi shine mabuɗin Kuma bai kamata iri ya bushe gaba ɗaya ba. Haƙuri shine maɓalli: ƙimar germination na iya bambanta dangane da iri-iri da zafin jiki na yanayi.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa da bukatun ƙasa

Itacen avocado yana nema tare da nau'in ƙasa. Nemo sako-sako, mai zurfi, tare da m magudanar ruwa kuma mai arziki a cikin kwayoyin halitta. Don sha na gina jiki da kyau. Ƙasar pH ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 5 da 7 (dan kadan acidic zuwa tsaka tsaki). Idan ƙasar ku ta kasance mai yumbu ko ruwa cikin sauƙi, haɗa yashi, perlite, da takin don sassauta shi. Cire manyan duwatsu ko tarkace a tona rami aƙalla sau biyu diamita na tushen ƙwallon shuka ko tushen ball.

Yana da kyau a sanya Layer na magudanar ruwa tare da tsakuwa ko faɗaɗa yumbu a ƙasan ramin don hana riƙe ruwa.

Yadda ake shuka avocado a cikin lambu

1. A hankali cire seedling Lokacin da tsayinsa yayi girma tsakanin 15 zuwa 20 cm kuma yana da ganye masu lafiya da yawa.
2. tona rami a wuri na ƙarshe na lambun ku (aƙalla nisan mita 1 idan kun shuka fiye da ɗaya), sau biyu girma kamar tsarin tushen.
3. Sanya shuka madaidaiciyar siffar, yana barin ɓangaren sama na kashi a bayyane idan har yanzu yana makale.
4. Cika ramin tare da cakuda ƙasa mai wadata da takin, danna hankali don kawar da aljihunan iska.
5. Ruwa mai yawa bayan shuka ba tare da ambaliya ƙasa ba.
6. Kuna iya ƙara murfin haske na ciyawa don riƙe danshi da kare tushen daga rana.

Zaɓi yanki rana, mafaka daga iska da kuma inda itacen zai iya samun akalla sa'o'i shida na hasken rana a kowace rana. Idan yanayin ku ya bushe sosai, ba da ƙarin kariya yayin haɓakawa da wuri tare da zanen inuwa ko shingen yanayi.

Muhimmancin kulawa ga avocados a cikin lambun

• Ban ruwa: Ci gaba da ƙasa a cikin m, musamman a lokacin zafi ko bushe lokaci, amma a guji zubar ruwa ko ta halin kakaRuwan ruwa yana da kyau don sarrafa adadin ba tare da saturating ƙasa ba.
• Mai saye: Avocado yana amsa da kyau ga takin mai yawa nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium da magnesiumTaki a farkon bazara da lokacin rani tare da takamaiman samfuran bishiyar 'ya'yan itace ko tare da takin gargajiya kamar takin da balagagge.
• Yankan: Ba ya buƙatar dasa mai yawa, amma yana da kyau a cire matattu, lalacewa, ko rassan da suke girma a tsaye. Yi dasa mai girma a cikin ƴan shekarun farko don ƙarfafa bishiyar da ƙarfafa ci gaban gefe. Yi amfani da topping ɗin haske don haɓaka haɓaka mai ƙarfi.
• Kariya daga kwari da cututtuka: Sarrafa mealybugs, mites crystal, da sikelin kwari tare da mafita na halitta kamar sabulun potassium ko man neem. Kula da ci gaban mold da kuma cire matattun ganye akai-akai don hana yaduwar cututtuka.

Ka tuna cewa avocado yana girma a hankali kuma yana iya ɗaukar shekaru da yawa don yin 'ya'yan itacen farko lokacin girma daga iri.

Dasa avocado a cikin tukunya: zai yiwu?

Avocado na iya haɓaka a ciki manyan tukwane (ƙananan 30-40 cm a diamita da lita 5) a cikin 'yan shekarunsa na farko. Wannan ya dace da wuraren da ke cikin haɗarin sanyi ko tare da iyakataccen filin lambu. Yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da haske mai arziƙi mai arha, yana tabbatar da magudanar ruwa mai kyau.

Cika ƙasa a kowace shekara kuma a sake juyewa lokacin da ka ga tushen yana fitowa daga ramukan magudanar ruwa. Lokacin da shuka ya girma sama da mita 1, zaku iya matsar da shi zuwa lambun ko dasa shi daga bishiyar da ta riga ta ba da 'ya'ya don haɓaka samarwa.

Grafting bishiyoyin avocado: fa'idodi da dabaru

Idan kuna son samun 'ya'yan itatuwa a baya kuma ku tabbatar da iri-iri masu amfani, yayi graft lokacin da itacen ya wuce 80-90 cm tsayi. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce T-graft, wanda ya fi tasiri don tabbatar da inganci da saurin samarwa.

1. Yi wani yanki mai siffar T a cikin tushe mai nisan cm 30 daga ƙasa.
2. A hankali ɗaga haushin kuma saka lafiyayyen toho daga bishiyar da take samarwa.
3. Kiyaye haɗin gwiwa tare da madauri na roba kuma karewa da bandeji ko raga mai numfashi har sai ya warke.

Bayan 'yan makonni, toho da shuka iyaye za su haɗu. Cire alakar kuma kula da dasa akai-akai don ƙarfafa bullowar dashen. Wannan na iya inganta yawan 'ya'yan itace idan aka kwatanta da tsire-tsire da aka girma daga iri.

Kuskuren gama gari da yadda ake hana su

• Yawan shayarwa: Daya daga cikin mafi yawan matsalolin da za su iya haifar da lalacewa da naman gwari. Duba yanayin substrate kafin watering.
• Rashin magudanar ruwa: Yana da mahimmanci don shirya ƙasa ko tukunya da kyau, guje wa tara ruwa.
• Kwari: Chinch kwari, borers, da mealybugs na iya shafar girma. Yi amfani da maganin kwayoyin halitta kamar man neem kuma cire rassan, ganye, ko 'ya'yan itace da abin ya shafa.
• Rashin taki: Rashin abinci mai gina jiki yana haifar da ganyen rawaya da ƙananan 'ya'yan itace. Aiwatar da cikakken takin zamani a lokacin girma.

Ƙarin shawarwari don nasara

• Kariya: Yi amfani da gungumen azaba don kare ɗan itacen daga iska mai ƙarfi.
• Inuwa ta farko: Shade seedlings a lokacin mafi zafi kwanaki don hana kunar rana.
• Haƙuri: Avocado yana buƙatar daidaito. Wasu bishiyoyi na iya ɗaukar shekaru da yawa don yin 'ya'ya, musamman idan ba a dasa su ba.
• Iri-iri: Idan yanayin ku ya yi sanyi, zaɓi nau'ikan iri kamar Bacon ko Fuerte.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Yadda ake Shuka Avocado a Gida daga Yanke: Jagorar Mataki-mataki

Haɓaka avocados a cikin lambun ku aiki ne mai ban sha'awa kuma mai dorewa. Baya ga samun 'ya'yan itatuwa masu cike da dandano da abubuwan gina jiki, kuna ba da gudummawa don ƙirƙirar yanayi mai koren lafiya a cikin gidanku. Ta bin waɗannan shawarwari da kula da kowane daki-daki, ba da daɗewa ba za ku sami damar jin daɗin girbin avocados ɗinku da cin gajiyar duk kayan abinci da kayan abinci.