Dasa avocado a gida yana ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan da ke faranta muku rai. Shuka iri, ganin tushen ya fito sannan kuma ganyen farko, kwarewa ce sosai. Tabbas, idan manufar ita ce samar da 'ya'yan itace, zai zama dole haƙuri kuma bi wasu mahimman jagororin ciki tukunyar filawa ko a cikin lambu.
Daidaitaccen germination a cikin ruwa: maɓalli don farawa mai kyau
Bayan cin avocado, tsaftace ramin a hankali kuma bar shi ya bushe na 'yan sa'o'i. Gane sassan sa: yankin nuna shine na sama (daga inda tsiron zai fito) da kuma m Ita ce ta ƙasa (inda zai samar da saiwo). Saka 3-4 haƙoran haƙora rabin zuwa sama don riƙe iri a kan gilashin ruwa, don haka rabin rabin kawai ya rage a nutse.
Ajiye akwati a wuri mai haske, guje wa zane mai sanyi. Canja ruwa akai-akai don hana lalacewa: zaka iya yin wannan. kowane 2-3 kwanaki ko, a kalla, sau daya a mako. A wasu 2 zuwa 6 makonni Tushen yawanci suna bayyana; sai iri ya tsage sai kara ya toho.
Lokacin da kara ya kai kusan 15 cm za ku iya amfani da fasaha mai amfani: yanke shi cikin rabi don tada tsarin tushen ƙarfi mai ƙarfi; zai sake toho da ƙarin ƙarfi. Lokacin da tushen suna bayyane kauri da yalwa kuma kara yana nuna sabbin ganye, seedling zai kasance a shirye don motsawa zuwa tukunya.
Dasa ramin avocado a cikin ƙasa ( tukunya)
Idan kun fi son farawa a cikin ƙasa, yi amfani da tukunya da farko. 17 zuwa 25 cm a diamita, mafi kyau fiye da terracota don sauƙaƙe musayar danshi. Binne kashi ya tafi babban ɓangaren yana bayyane. Rike substrate ɗin ɗan ɗanɗano, ba tare da ambaliya ba. sarari mai haske da dumi zai gaggauta aikin.
Zaɓin mai amfani don masu farawa shine amfani da a germination kit wanda ke kiyaye iri a cikin ruwa, amma ba shi da mahimmanci: tare da tsafta mai kyau da isasshen canjin ruwa, ana samun irin wannan sakamako.
Girman tukunya da dasawa
A wuraren da zafin dare zai iya raguwa zuwa 10 ºC, yana da kyau a fara a cikin tukunya mai sarrafawa don samun damar motsa shuka a cikin gida. Kuna iya farawa a ciki 5 litaje zuwa 30 lita lokacin da tushen ball ya mamaye akwati kuma, idan ba za ku motsa shi ba, shigar da shi a ciki 60 lita ko fiyeA cikin yanayi mai dumi, zaku iya zaɓar babban tukunya mai tsayayye.
Yi dashen lokacin da kuka lura tushen mannewa ta cikin ramuka ko lokacin da girma ya tsaya. Ka guje wa magudi da yawa na tushen: avocado yana da tsarin tushen m da kuma kula da lalacewa.
Ideal substrate da pH
Ya fi son wani abu haske, iska da ruwa mai kyau, tare da pH tsakanin 5 y 7Kyakkyawan cakuda daidai sassa shine peat + zaren kwakwa + zazzabin cizon duniya, yana karawa lu'u-lu'u don inganta aeration. Wannan haɗin yana rage haɗarin kandami, daya daga cikin manyan abokan gaba na potted avocados.
Ka guji gishiri ko ƙasƙan ƙasa. Idan ruwan ban ruwa naka yana da wahala, canza shi da distilled ko ruwan sama don kada a tada pH da yawa.
Basic kula da girma avocados a cikin tukwane
A lokacin farkon matakan yana da mahimmanci musamman. Guji yanayin zafi kasa da 10ºC y kololuwa sama da 30ºCIdan sanyi ne, matsar da shi ciki tare da a taga mai haske ko kare shi a waje da bargunan zafiA cikin raƙuman zafi, amfani shading raga don kula da sabbin ganye.
Dole ne tukunyar ta kasance ramukan magudanar ruwa da yawaIdan aka samu rashin ruwa, za ka gani launin ruwan kasa leaf tukwici; idan kun yi yawa, yin rawaya da faɗuwa. Don daidaita shi zuwa waje, ƙara shi a hankali da hankali adadin rana; fallasa shi ba zato ba tsammani zai iya haifar da ƙonewa.
A cikin lambun, zaɓi wuri kariya daga iska. Kasancewa mai tushe mai zurfi, ba ya son dasawa akai-akai ko ƙasa mai rikicewa; yana mutunta muhallinsa kuma yana amfani da a murfin haushi lokacin farin ciki don riƙe danshi.
Haihuwa
A cikin lokutan mafi girman aikin ciyayi yana da kyau a ba da shi m na gina jiki. Layer na zazzabin cizon duniya A saman yana aiki azaman taki mai saurin sakin layi. Hakanan zaka iya kari da takin gida ko tsantsar ruwan kwayoyin halitta a cikin matsakaicin allurai, sa ido kan amsawar shuka.
Ka guje wa hadi mai nauyi yayin zafi ko lokacin da shuka ke damuwa. Ba da fifiko ga ma'auni: ci gaba mai dorewa da lafiyayyen harbe sama da saurin turawa.
Farko pruning da horo
Lokacin da seedling ya kai kusa 60 cm, Yana da kyau m don ƙarfafa reshe na gefe da kuma hana haɓakar girma a tsaye wanda zai dagula girbi na gaba. Bayan yanke, itacen zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci don don sake toho da kuma ƙarfafa tsari mafi daidaito.
Usa masu koyarwa Idan tushe yana da taushi sosai, gyara daidaitawar rassan matasa tare da ƙananan jagorori don buɗe alfarwa da wuri.
Ban ruwa: yadda za a ko da yaushe samun shi daidai
Saka yatsa 2-3 cm A cikin substrate: idan ya bushe, ruwa; idan har yanzu yana riƙe da danshi, jira. A cikin tukunya, ruwa a ciki zurfi kuma a bar shi ya zube gaba daya. A zubar da saucer, idan ana amfani da shi, don guje wa asphyxiation tushen. A cikin yanayin dumi za ku buƙaci mafi akai-akai; a wurare masu sanyi, ƙasa.
Alamomin tuƙi: launin ruwan kasa tukwici saboda rashin ruwa ko yawan gishiri; Takaddun rawaya da sauke saboda yawan ruwa. Daidaita bisa waɗannan alamomin.
Ciki, waje da noman lambu
A cikin yanayin sanyi, zaku iya ɗaukar shuka a waje. baranda ko terrace lokacin da haɗarin sanyi ya wuce kuma koyaushe tare da rana acclimatizationIdan da dare mafi ƙarancin yanayin zafi ya faɗi ƙasa 10 ºC, mayar da shi a cikin lambu, dasa lokacin shuka ya kusa 20 cm kuma yanayin yana da laushi, yana zaɓar wurin da aka keɓe.
Madaidaicin zafin jiki don haɓakarsa yana kusa 15-29 ºC. Zai iya jure wa ƙwanƙolin ƙasa ko mafi girma, amma yana guje wa zama yakamata. Taimakawa haushi ciyawa don riƙe danshi da ruwa akai-akai a cikin shekara ta farko.
Yaushe zan iya cin avocados na farko?
Idan itace grafted, zai iya fara samarwa a kusa 3-5 shekaru. Lokacin girma daga iri, lokaci yakan fi tsayi: kusan 5 zuwa 13 shekaru, kuma a cikin yanayin sanyi yana iya zama ba 'ya'ya ba. Ko da ba ta samar da avocado ba, za ku ji daɗin shuka. ornamental mai karfi kuma mai girman darajar ilimi.
Photo: www.garden.eco
Biyan kuɗi zuwa wasiƙarmu
Dasa avocado a cikin tukunya ko a cikin lambu ba shi da wahala idan kun kula da canzawa, da magudanar ruwa, da ban ruwa da kuma kare yanayiTare da germination a hankali, dasawa akan lokaci, da hadi mai laushi, itacen avocado zai girma cikin koshin lafiya. Wannan ya taimaka? Raba kwarewar ku kuma ku taimaki mutane da yawa su shuka bishiyar su.