La Schlumbergera opuntioides, wanda kuma aka fi sani da cactus na Kirsimeti don furanni masu ban sha'awa a cikin watanni masu sanyi, yana da ƙarancin ƙima na ado da al'adu. Wannan labarin shine tabbataccen jagora don ƙarin koyo game da wannan abin al'ajabi na botanical, gami da kulawarta, yadawa, kwaro da sarrafa matsala, da tambayoyin da ake yawan yi. Wannan labarin zai taimake ka ka ci gaba da opuntioides na Schlumbergera suna neman lafiya da fure kowace shekara a gidanka.
Halayen Botanical da asalin Schlumbergera opuntioides
La Schlumbergera opuntioides Ya fito ne daga kudu maso gabashin Brazil, inda yake girma a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi, dazuzzukan dazuzzuka, da wurare masu duwatsu. Sunan ta ya fito ne daga masanin ilmin halitta na Faransa Frederick Schlumberger, kuma ma'anar "opuntioides" tana nufin kamancen mai tushe da na Opuntia, wata jinsin cacti. Idan kuna son faɗaɗa ilimin ku game da tsire-tsire iri ɗaya, kuma tuntuɓi kula da sauran cacti irin wannan.
Nau'i da iri: A cikin jinsin Schlumbergera akwai nau'o'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in S. truncata da S. bridgesii, amma opuntioides ya fito ne don lokacin kauri, oval, haÉ—in gwiwa, mai tushe mai tushe wanda sau da yawa kuskuren ganyaye saboda bayyanar su, ko da yake su ne ainihin mai tushe wanda aka daidaita don adana ruwa.
Girmansa yana rataye ne ko madaidaiciya, manufa don rataye tukwane ko don nunawa a kan shelves. Ba kamar cacti na al'ada daga yankuna masu bushewa ba, Schlumbergera opuntioides shine epiphyte ko saxicolous, wanda ke nufin cewa ya dace da rayuwa akan bishiyu ko wasu saman dutse ta hanyar É—aukar danshi daga iska da ma'aunin halitta.
Furanni da fruitsa fruitsan itaceFuren Schlumbergera opuntioides abin kallo ne: yana samarwa furanni a cikin inuwar ruwan hoda da violet, tubular, har zuwa 6 cm tsayi kuma 4.5 cm a diamita. Waɗannan suna fitowa galibi a ƙarshen mai tushe a lokacin mafi sanyi kuma suna iya yin mamakin lokaci-lokaci tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa kore masu ɗauke da baƙar fata.
Ideal yanayi domin ta namo
- Luz: Schlumbergera opuntioides ya fi so haske kaikaice mai haskeYawan hasken rana kai tsaye yana iya ƙone tushen sa, yana haifar da ja ko launin ruwan kasa. Koyaya, yana buƙatar yanayi mai haske don yin fure sosai. A cikin gida, sanya shi kusa da taga mai haske, amma guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye a tsakiyar rana.
- Temperatura: Kasancewa tsire-tsire na wurare masu zafi, yana da dadi a cikin kewayon 15 zuwa 25 ° CBa ya jurewa tsananin sanyi ko sanyi. Yana da mahimmanci a guje wa canje-canjen zazzaɓi a yanayin zafi da zayyanawa, wanda zai iya lalata buds da ganye.
- ZafiJi daɗin yanayi mai ɗanɗano. Idan kuna zaune a cikin busasshen yanayi, zaku iya ƙara zafi ta wurin ajiye kwandon ruwa kusa ko amfani da injin humidifier, musamman lokacin zafi ko lokacin dumama yana rage zafi na yanayi.
- Samun iskaKyakkyawan zagayawa na iska yana da mahimmanci don hana matsalolin fungal, amma guje wa sanya shi a cikin wuraren da ke da zayyana kai tsaye.
Nau'in substrate, tukunya da dashi
- Substratum:: Kuna buƙatar haɗuwa magudanar ruwa sosaiHaɗin da ya dace shine 2 sassa na duniya substrate, 1 part m yashi ko perlite, da kuma 1 part leaf mold ko peat. Wannan substrate yana tabbatar da riƙewar ruwa mai matsakaici amma yana hana zubar ruwa da shaƙar tushen.
- Tukunyar fure: Zabi tukwane tare da magudanar ruwa mai kyau, zai fi dacewa yumbu don haɓaka haɓaka, ko filastik amma koyaushe tare da ramuka masu karimci.
- Dasawa: Ba ya buƙatar sake sakewa akai-akai: kowane shekaru 3-4 ya isa, ko kuma idan kun lura cewa tushen yana fitowa daga ramukan magudanar ruwa. Yi haka a farkon bazara kuma ku rike a hankali, saboda baya son sake sakewa.
Ban ruwa: mita da fasaha daidai
- FrequencyMitar shayarwa ya dogara da yanayi, zazzabi, da nau'in substrate. A lokacin bazara da lokacin rani, ruwa lokacin da saman Layer na substrate ya bushe don taɓawa. A lokacin flowering kakar da kuma hunturu, ruwa kasa, kyale substrate ya bushe partially tsakanin waterings.
- Ruwa: Amfani da ruwa babu lemun tsami, Zai fi dacewa dumi da taushi don kauce wa tarin gishiri a cikin tushen.
- Fasaha: Ana ba da shawarar nutsewa idan shuka yana cikin gida, yana ba da damar tukunyar ta sha ruwa ta cikin ramukan magudanar ruwa na Æ´an mintuna kaÉ—an kuma a zubar da kyau kafin a maye gurbinsa. Ka guji jika mai tushe da yawa don hana naman gwari da cututtuka.
- Lokacin da za a ƙara ruwa: Ruwa da yawa a lokacin girma mai aiki (spring-rani) da kuma rage mahimmanci bayan flowering, lokacin da shuka ya shiga lokacin hutawa.
Hadi don ingantaccen girma da fure
- Nasihar takin mai maganiAna ba da shawarar yin amfani da daidaitaccen taki mai narkewa da ruwa (misali, 10-10-10) kowane mako 3-4 yayin matakin girma mai aiki (bazara da bazara). Kuna iya musanya takin cactus mai arziki a cikin phosphorus da potassium yayin lokacin fure don ƙarfafa samuwar toho.
- Yadda ake biya: Narkar da taki a cikin ruwan ban ruwa bin umarnin masana'anta kuma kada a shafa taki akan busassun busassun don guje wa lalacewa ko ƙonewa ga tushen.
- Kashe bayan flowering: Dakatar da takin lokacin da shuka ya kwanta kuma a ci gaba da bazara mai zuwa.
Yadda za a ta da flowering na Schlumbergera opuntioides
- Lokacin duhu mai sarrafawaA cikin makonnin da suka kai ga fure, yana da mahimmanci don rage tsawan haske. Mimic photoperiodism na halitta ta hanyar sanya shuka a wuri inda yake karɓar sa'o'i 10-12 na duhu a kullum don makonni 6-8. Wannan tsari yana ƙarfafa samuwar furen fure.
- Yanayin sanyiA wannan lokacin, ana kiyaye shi tsakanin 10 da 15 ° C. Yanayin sanyi da rage yawan ruwa suna kwaikwaya yanayin sanyi, bushewar yanayi na lokacin furanni.
- Guji motsi da canje-canjen wuriDa zarar buds sun samo asali, kauce wa motsi shuka ko fallasa shi ga zane-zane, saboda wannan zai iya sa buds su sauke. Hakanan, guje wa jujjuya tukunyar don ƙarfafa masu tushe suyi girma daidai da haske.
Yaduwa na Schlumbergera opuntioides
Yada Schlumbergera opuntioides mai sauƙi ne kuma mai lada, yana ba ku damar ninka samfuran ku ko raba su tare da abokai da dangi.
- Kara yanka: Yanke sassan haÉ—in gwiwa 2-3 tare da wuka mai tsabta. Bari yanke ya bushe don kwanaki 2-3 don ba da damar warkewa, wanda ke hana cututtukan fungal.
- Shuka: Shuka yankan a cikin tsaka-tsaki mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi, binne kashi na farko kawai. Rike matsakaicin girma dan ɗanɗano, kada a jiƙa.
- kyakkyawan yanayiSanya yankan a wuri mai dumi, a kaikaice haske. Bayan makonni 2-3, tushen farko da sababbin harbe ya kamata su bayyana.
- Yadawa ta iri: Hakanan yana yiwuwa, kodayake a hankali. Yi amfani da sabobin tsaba da haifuwa substrate. Rike ƙasa m, kuma tsaba ya kamata germinate cikin 'yan makonni.
Pruning da kiyayewa
- Pruning bayan flowering: Tsoka ko yanke ƙarshen mai tushe bayan fure don ƙarfafa sabon girma girma da siffar shuka. Hakanan zaka iya tuntuɓar Ƙarin shawarwari akan pruning da kulawa.
- Cire sassan da suka lalace: Cire maras lafiya, busassun, ko lalacewa mai tushe don kiyaye lafiyar gabaÉ—aya da hana ci gaban kwaro.
Babban kwari, matsaloli da mafita
- Mealybugs da mitesWaɗannan su ne mafi yawan kwari. Suna bayyana musamman a wurare masu ɗumi da bushewa. Cire su da hannu tare da ƙwallon auduga da aka jiƙa a cikin barasa ko a shafa maganin kashe kwari kamar sabulun potassium.
- Katantanwa da slugs: Suna kai hari kan tushen tsire-tsire da aka girma a waje. Hana kasancewar su ta hanyar sanya shingen jiki ko girbe su da hannu.
- Overwatering da rot: Babban abokin gaba na Schlumbergera opuntioides. Idan mai laushi, baƙar fata ya bayyana, yanke kuma cire sassan da abin ya shafa, duba magudanar ruwa, kuma daidaita mitar ruwa.
- Fadowa furanni da budsWannan na iya zama saboda daftarin aiki, ruwa mara kyau, ko canje-canje kwatsam a wuri/ haske. Kula da kwanciyar hankalin muhalli da ruwa akai-akai ba tare da ambaliya ba.
- Rashin fure: Yana faruwa ne saboda rashin lokacin hutu, yawan takin nitrogen, ko rashin sa'o'i na duhu kafin lokacin furanni.
Gaskiya masu ban sha'awa da abubuwan sani game da Schlumbergera opuntioides
- Ba hamada baceKo da yake yana cikin dangin cactus, mazauninsa na dabi'a shine gandun daji mai laushi da dutse na Brazil.
- Tsawon LokaciIdan an kula da su yadda ya kamata, Schlumbergera opuntioides na iya rayuwa har tsawon shekaru da yawa kuma ana ba da su daga tsara zuwa tsara.
- Flowering bisa ga photoperiod: Tsawon dare yana tasiri kai tsaye da zagayowar furanninta, al'amarin da aka sani da photoperiodism.
- Mafari-friendly: Yana da kyau ga duka masana da waɗanda suka kasance sababbi ga duniyar succulents, saboda yana da juriya da sauƙin kulawa.
- Mara guba ga dabbobi: Yana da lafiya ga gidaje masu karnuka da kuliyoyi, ko da yake idan an ci su da yawa zai iya haifar da rashin jin daÉ—i.
Tambayoyi akai-akai game da Schlumbergera opuntioides
- Inda za a sanya Schlumbergera opuntioides a gida? Koyaushe a wuri mai haske, mai haske kai tsaye, nesa da tushen zafi, kwandishan da zane.
- Me zai yi idan bai yi fure ba? Tabbatar ya sami lokacin da ake buƙata na duhu da yanayin sanyi kafin lokacin furanni. Rage shayarwa da hadi a wannan lokacin.
- Ta yaya ya bambanta da sauran Schlumbergeras? Saboda kamanninsa masu kauri, sassa masu santsi da siffar furanninsa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, furanni da launi na iya bambanta da S. truncata ko S. bridgesii.
- Zan iya fitar dashi waje? Ee, muddin yanayin zafi bai faɗi ƙasa da 10 ° C ba kuma ana kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye da ruwan sama mai yawa. Yana da kyau ga terraces masu tsari ko kuma patios a cikin yanayi mai laushi.
- Sau nawa zan yi yanka? Sau É—aya a shekara bayan flowering ya isa don kula da siffar da kuma ta da ci gaban sabon mai tushe.
- Menene mafi kyawun lokacin dasawa? A farkon bazara, lokacin da girma mai aiki ya fara kuma hadarin damuwa yana da ƙasa.
- Za a iya shuka shi tare da wasu tsire-tsire? Ee, musamman tare da sauran succulents da epiphytes waɗanda ke raba haske iri ɗaya da buƙatun danshi.
Kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan cactus na Kirsimeti
- Schlumbergera truncata: Ƙarin ɓangarorin serrated, furanni na farko, furanni masu daidaitawa a kusurwoyi masu kyau zuwa tushe.
- Schlumbergera bridge: Ƙarin sassa masu zagaye, yawanci yana fure daidai lokacin Kirsimeti, wanda aka fi sani da cactus na Kirsimeti.
- Hatiora gaertneri (Cactus na Easter):: Flowering in spring, more round segments, daban-daban furanni.
Dalilan samun Schlumbergera opuntioides a gida
- Taimakawa launi da rayuwa a cikin watanni masu sanyi godiya ga furanni mai ban sha'awa, lokacin da sauran tsire-tsire suke barci.
- Es manufa a matsayin kyauta don alamar bege, ƙauna da farin ciki.
- Ana buƙatar karamin kulawa, yana da ƙarfi kuma yana iya zama wurin mai da hankali ga kowane tarin tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
- Ita ce tsiro mai dadewa kuma tana iya zama al'adar iyali don yin yankan daga tsara zuwa na gaba.
Ƙarin shawarwari don kulawa mafi kyau
- Madaidaicin ban ruwa: Zai fi kyau a yi kuskure a gefen da yawa fiye da yawa. Shuka ya fi son bushewa zuwa ruwa.
- Kada ku yi amfani da takiYawan abinci mai gina jiki, musamman nitrogen, na iya hana furewa kuma yana haɓaka rauni mai rauni.
- Guji motsi kwatsam: Kada ku canza yanayin shuka ko motsa shi yayin da yake samar da buds.
- Bincika kwari akai-akaiBinciken gani na mako-mako yana ba da damar gano wuri na mealybugs, mites, da sauran kwari.
- Kula da zafiIdan yanayin ya bushe sosai, a sauƙaƙe fesa mai tushe tare da ruwan dumi, guje wa ambaliya da substrate.
- A yada a raba: Yi amfani da sauƙi na yaduwa don ba da tsire-tsire ga abokai ko fadada tarin ku.
La Schlumbergera opuntioides Yana haɗa kyakkyawa, sauƙi na kulawa, da juriya don zama abin da aka fi so a cikin gidaje a duniya. Ƙarfinsa na yin fure a cikin yanayin sanyi, sauƙin yaduwa, da juriya na dabi'a ga kwari da yawa sun sa ya zama gem mai mahimmanci ga duka waɗanda sababbi a duniyar tsirrai da ƙwararrun masu tarawa. Tare da wannan cikakkiyar jagorar da shawarwari masu amfani da aka tattara a nan, zaku iya jin daɗin Schlumbergera opuntioides zuwa cikakkiyar damarta na tsawon shekaru masu zuwa kuma ku raba tare da wasu jin daɗin kallon yadda yake girma da fure a cikin gidanku.
