Menene itacen lemu mai ɗaci? Asalin, halaye, da ƙimar ado
Bishiyar lemu mai ɗaci (Citrus × aurantium) ya fito ne a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi wakilcin bishiyoyin ado na yankunan birane na yankuna irin su Andalusia, inda yake ƙawata murabba'ai, patios da tituna saboda godiya ta dindindin kore foliage da. m Bloom. Asalin asali daga Asiya, jinsi ne na halitta matasan tsakanin grapefruit da mandarin, daga baya ya mika zuwa yankin Bahar Rum, inda alama ce ta kyau da al'adu.
Yana da kofi mai zagaye kuma mai yawa, zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita 5 zuwa 8, kuma rassansa sukan sami ƙaya. ganyen manya ne, elliptical da fata, kore mai haske kuma tare da a ƙamshi na musammanItace ita ce ko da yaushe, wanda ke nufin yana kiyaye ganyen sa duk shekara.
Nasa Furen furanni, wanda aka fi sani da furanni orange, ƙanana ne, ƙamshi ne kuma suna fitowa kaɗai ko cikin gungu daga tsakiyar kaka zuwa bazara, bayar da a kamshi marar kuskure zuwa muhallinsu. Shi 'ya'yan itace, Shahararren ruwan lemu mai ɗaci, yana da globular, yana da muguwar fata, mai tsananin launin fata da tsami, ɓangaren litattafan almara rawaya mai ɗaci wanda ba a saba cinyewa kai tsaye ba, amma yana da sauran amfani.
Babban umarnin kulawa don bishiyar orange mai ɗaci: ƙasa, fallasa, watering da pruning
- Yanayi da fallasa: Itacen lemu mai ɗaci ya fi so wurare masu dumi, tare da fallasa zuwa cikakkiyar rana ko, rashin haka, haske mai rabin inuwa. Ko da yake yana jure wa sanyi sanyi, sanyi mai tsanani zai iya shafar shi; yana da mahimmanci don kare shi a wuraren haɗari. Bugu da kari, an bada shawarar tsare shi daga iska don hana saukar furen da bai kai ba.
- Falo: Itacen yana bunƙasa a ciki haske, sako-sako, da kasa mai kyau, tare da wani adadin kwayoyin halitta. Ba a ba da shawarar dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai yashi mai tsabta ba, kuma a cikin yankunan calcareous, yana da kyau a ƙara ƙarfe chelates.
- Ban ruwa: Yana buƙatar shayarwa matsakaiciYana da mahimmanci a bar ƙasa ta bushe dan kadan tsakanin waterings don hana rot ko chlorosis. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a kiyaye ruwa sosai, musamman a cikin yanayi mai laushi.
- Mai saye: Don ci gaba mai ƙarfi, taki a cikin kaka tare da taki ko taki da kuma ƙarfafa a lokacin flowering da fruiting lokaci tare da takamaiman takin citrus. Ma'adinan ma'adinai na sannu-sannu yana da kyau a cikin hunturu. Rike saman da kyau don inganta magudanar ruwa.
Yadawa da dasa shuki: nasihu don nasarar noma
Ana iya yaduwa orange mai ɗaci ta tsaba, wanda ake jiƙa na kwanaki biyu kafin shuka, zai fi dacewa a cikin kaka ko hunturu. Ana kuma amfani da shi a matsayin tushen tushen ga sauran 'ya'yan citrus saboda jurewar cututtuka da kuma daidaitawa ga ƙasa daban-daban.
A lokacin dasa shuki, yana da mahimmanci kada a binne tushen abin wuya sosai. Shuka a matakin ƙasa, ta amfani da a mai ƙarfi malami don kare matashin itacen a cikin 'yan shekarunsa na farko. Idan girma a cikin tukunya, a kan baranda ko terraces a yankunan Bahar Rum, tabbatar da amfani da a na musamman substrate ga 'ya'yan itatuwa citrus kuma daidaita watering daidai.
Ka tuna cewa tushen ya ƙi da kandamiKoyaushe zaɓi tukwane da ƙasa tare da magudanar ruwa mai kyau. A guji kusancin ciyawa ko tsire-tsire masu ruwa don kada bishiyar ta yi gogayya da ruwa.
Kwari, cututtuka da tsawon rai
Itacen lemu mai ɗaci yana da juriya zuwa mafi yawan citrus kwari da cututtuka. Tsawon rayuwarsa yana da ban mamaki, tare da samfurori waɗanda zasu iya zama masu amfani har zuwa karni ɗaya bayan dasa. Yana da, duk da haka, mai saukin kamuwa da kwayar cutar tristeza a yankunan da wannan pathogen yake. Wasu kariya:
- Lokaci-lokaci duba ganye don alamun chlorosis, wanda yawanci yana nuna yawan danshi ko rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
- Cire duk wani harbe-harbe da ya bayyana a ƙasan dashen idan ana amfani da shi azaman tushen tushen, don guje wa yada cututtuka.
- Yanke bushe rassan da kuma inganta yanayin iska don hanawa namomin kaza.
Flowering, 'ya'yan itace da curiosities: gastronomic, magani da kayan shafawa amfani
Babban abin jan hankali na bishiyar lemu mai ɗaci shine ta furanni orange, Tutar bazara da al'ada ake amfani da su don samarwa ruwan furanni orange da asalin neroliWannan karshen ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin turare, aromatherapy da kayan kwalliya, godiya ga sa magani mai kantad da hankali, antispasmodic da fata-sothing Properties.
El 'ya'yan itace shine tushen pectin kuma fatarta tana da wadata sosai a cikin mai, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama mai daraja a masana'antar abinci da abin sha don samar da barasa (Triple sec, Curaçao, Cointreau, vermouths) kuma musamman ga marmalade na Biritaniya. Yin amfani da shi wajen dafa abinci ya shahara musamman, musamman hada da nama da cakulan kayan zaki.
A matakin magani, duka biyu ganye, furanni kamar haushi An yi amfani da su a cikin infusions da colic, dyspepsia, rashin barci da kuma as narkewa kamar tonic da venotonic. Su antioxidant, regenerative da bactericidal mataki Wannan yana sa ya zama mai amfani sosai a cikin kayan shafawa na halitta, yana taimakawa wajen magance wrinkles da inganta elasticity na fata. Ya kamata a yi taka tsantsan idan shan magunguna dauke da cyclosporine.
A cikin Faransa da Japan akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka yaba sosai turare da magungunan gargajiyaIts intensely m dandano ne yafi saboda da neohesperidin, wani bangaren kuma ana amfani dashi azaman zaki a masana'antar.
A matsayin itacen ado, itacen lemu mai ɗaci ba kawai ƙara launi da turare ba, amma kuma yana haɓaka da bambancin halittun birni, samar da tsari ga ƙudan zuma da sauran masu pollinators a lokacin furanni.
Itacen lemu mai ɗaci wani abu ne na ado da kayan aiki da yawa: mai ƙarfi, mai tsayi, tare da tarihi da amfani da yawa wajen dafa abinci, lafiya, da kyau. Itacen da ke bukata kulawa ta asali, amma yana ba da lada shekaru da yawa tare da kasancewa, ƙamshi da amfani waɗanda suka wuce kayan ado mai sauƙi.
