La shimfidawa ta hanyar shimfidawa Yana da mahimmancin fasaha na haifuwa na tsire-tsire a cikin sana'a da aikin lambu na gida, saboda yana ba da damar tsire-tsire su ninka daga rassan da suka kasance da alaka da uwar shuka a lokacin tsarin tushen. Wannan hanya an bambanta daga yankan da kuma clump division saboda sabuwar shuka tana samun dukkan abubuwan gina jiki daga matrix har sai tushen tsarinsa ya inganta sosai, wanda ke ƙara yawan nasarar nasara, musamman a cikin nau'in nau'in da ke da matsala wajen yin tushe ta amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya.
Menene Layering kuma me yasa yake da tasiri haka?
Lankwasawa ya ƙunshi don haifar da saiwoyi a kan kara ko reshe ba tare da raba shi da shukar iyaye baDa zarar sashin tushe ya kafe, an yanke shi kuma a dasa shi da kansa. Wannan dabarar ita ce manufa saboda yana rage damuwa akan sabon shuka, tun da ba a raba shi har sai ya yi saiwoyi, ko da yaushe yana da kwararar ruwa, abinci mai gina jiki da sukari daga asalin shuka.
Har ila yau, Ana iya yin yadudduka a cikin lokutan sanyi, a lokacin da sauran yaduwa dabaru, kamar cuttings, sau da yawa kasa saboda shuke-shuke 'jinkirin aiki na rayuwa. Ƙarin fa'idodi sun haɗa da:
- Yana ba ku damar haifuwa masu rikitarwa ta wasu hanyoyin (misali. Acer Palmatum, Photiniafraseri, Actinidia mai dadi).
- Ba ya buƙatar yanayin zafi akai-akai ko hadaddun greenhouses.
- Girman seedling da aka samu yawanci ya fi girma kuma ya fi karfi.
- Ana iya amfani da shi duka a cikin gida da waje, kadai, a cikin gadaje na fure ko a cikin lambunan kayan lambu.
Yawancin tsire-tsire ta halitta suna haifuwa kamar haka: nau'ikan rarrafe irin su blackberry ko rasberi Suna haɓaka saiwoyin su ba zato ba tsammani lokacin da rassansu suka haɗu da ƙasa.
Main nau'ikan yadudduka da yadda ake yin su
Dangane da matsayin reshe, wurin da aka haifar da tushen tushe, da nau'in da aka zaɓa, akwai hanyoyi da yawa na shimfidawa. Kowannensu ya dace da nau'in shuka daban-daban da yanayin muhalli ko ƙasa. Babban hanyoyin da za a yi shimfida su ne:
Sauƙaƙe Layering
Wannan ita ce hanya mafi al'ada da sauƙi. Ya ƙunshi nadawa a m reshe, saukar da shi zuwa ƙasa kuma binne shi kaɗan, gabaɗaya yana barin ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙasa.
- Daidai ne don shrubs, vines da shuke-shuke tare da elongated, m mai tushe (tsohon. Jasmine, Clematis, Forsythia).
- A cikin wurin da aka binne yana da kyau a yi ɗan yanke a tsaye ko a cire zoben haushi zuwa ta da fitowar Tushen.
- An tsare reshen da cokali mai yatsu na waya, gungumomi ko duwatsu masu lebur.
- Substrate ya kamata ya zama sako-sako da kuma samun damar danshi mai kyau, kuma yana da kyau a sha ruwa akai-akai.
Mafi kyawun lokacin shine yawanci primavera, ta yin amfani da rassan shekara guda, ko da yake kuma ana iya yin shi a cikin kaka a cikin yanayi mai laushi. Bayan 'yan watanni, saiwoyin za su yi girma, kuma za a iya raba tushen kuma a dasa shi a matsayin mutum mai zaman kansa.
Haɗe-haɗe, da yawa ko shimfiɗar maciji
Daga guda ɗaya, tsayi, reshe mai sassauƙa, sassan da ke canzawa tsakanin binne da fallasa sama da ƙasa. Kowane sashi na karkashin kasa zai haifar da samuwar tushen, kyale ninka adadin sabbin tsire-tsire daga tushe guda.
- Ana amfani da shi sosai wajen hawan shuke-shuke (Honeysuckle, Wisteria, Pothos) da tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
- Yana buƙatar kowane ɓangaren da aka binne ya sami toho mai gani don tabbatar da ci gaban gaba.
- Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin tukwane ta amfani da tukwane na taimako da yawa don binne sassan da ake bukata.
Tukwici ko Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa
Wannan dabara na kowa a currants, blackberries da raspberries. Rooting yana faruwa daidai a cikin tip na reshe, wanda aka binne dan kadan, zurfin santimita kaɗan. Harbin tsaye mai ƙarfi zai fito daga wannan yanki da aka binne a cikin bazara mai zuwa.
- Yana ba da damar sake haɓaka shuke-shuke a cikin nau'in kara na shekara-shekara da na biennial.
- Ya kamata a kiyaye tip tare da mashin gashi na waya don hana shi motsi.
- Tushen yana haɓaka da sauri a cikin lanƙwasa da aka kafa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa.
Ruwan iska
Lankwasawa iska cikakke ne don bishiyu ko ciyayi da tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da wahalar girma a cikin ƙasaHanyar ta ƙunshi haifar da tushen tushe a wani yanki na reshen iska, rufe shi da gansakuka sphagnum ko gansakuka peat da rufe shi da filasta mai tsabta don riƙe danshi da duhu.
- Zaɓi tushe na tsaye ko ɗan karkata, zai fi dacewa fiye da 50 cm.
- Yi zoben zobe, cire 1 ko 2 cm na haushi. A shafa rooting foda.
- Rufe yankin tare da zaɓin da aka zaɓa kuma kunsa gaba ɗaya tare da filastik, rufe iyakar.
- Da zaɓin, ƙara gashi na biyu maras kyau don yuwuwar duhu mai yaɗa tushen tushe.
- Ya kamata a kiyaye hydration mai girma, shayar da gansakuka ba tare da wuce gona da iri ba.
Yana da tasiri sosai a ciki Acer, Ficus, Citrus, Camellia, Dracaena, Hibiscus, Magnolia da sauran nau'ikan bishiyoyi, gami da wasu tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Ana lura da sakamakon lokacin da tushen fararen ke kewaye da ciki na filastik kuma za'a iya raba shi da tsire-tsire na iyaye.
Sanya a kan tudu ko benci
Ana nuna wannan hanyar ta musamman don Yaduwa na itatuwan 'ya'yan itace da tushen tushen clonal, kamar itatuwan apple, bishiyar currant, bishiyar qunce, bishiyar hazelnut, da bishiyar inabi. Ya ƙunshi yankan uwar shuka kusa da ƙasa a lokacin hunturu. Lokacin da sabbin rassan suka tsiro a cikin bazara, ana jibge su da ƙasa har sai an rufe ɓangaren harbe. Samar da danshi da iska shine mabuɗin.
- Harbe da aka bi da su ta wannan hanya suna tasowa tushen tushen su.
- An yarda su girma har sai sun kai santimita 10-12 kafin su rufe wani ɓangare na tsayin su.
- Ana yanke waɗannan harbe a gindin don dasawa.
Ana iya maimaita wannan sake zagayowar kowace shekara, wanda zai ba da damar yin amfani da iyawar shukar iyaye gabaɗaya.
Layi a cikin Trench
Aikin ci gaba, wanda aka yi niyya da farko don gandun daji da yaɗuwar kasuwanci. Ana amfani da shi a cikin Bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi masu sassauƙa mai tushe, amma ƙarancin sarrafawa idan aka kwatanta da sassauƙan shimfidawaYa ƙunshi shimfiɗa ƙaramin tsiro ko dogon reshe a cikin rami da aka haƙa, a hankali a rufe shi da ƙasa yayin da harbe-harbe na gefe ke fitowa. Tushen bleaked na waɗannan harbe za su tsiro saiwoyi.
- Hanyar tana buƙatar tsarawa, saboda shimfidar wuri na iya ɗaukar sarari mai yawa.
- Ana amfani da musamman a cikin masu sana'a na yaduwa na itatuwan 'ya'yan itace da suke da wuya a ninka ta hanyar cuttings ko grafting.
- Ana yanke harbe masu tushe a lokacin da ya dace kuma a dasa su da kansa.
Wannan hanyar tana ba da damar samun ɗimbin tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da kiyaye ingancin ƙwayoyin halittar uwar shuka.
Yawancin nau'ikan da suka dace da la'akari masu mahimmanci
Layering, a cikin kowane bambance-bambancensa, yana da amfani ga adadi mai yawa na nau'in shuka:
- Masu rarrafe: Wisteria, Honeysuckle, Clematis, Pothos
- Ornamental shrubs: Rhododendron, Forsythia, Philadelphus, Daphne, Euonymus, Spiraea
- Bishiyoyi da itatuwan 'ya'yan itace: apple, quince, blueberry, innabi, hazelnut, zaitun, rumman da kuma citrus rootstocks
- Tsire-tsire na cikin gidaKayan lambu: Ficus, Dieffenbachia, Camellia
Baya ga misalan da aka ambata a sama, ana iya haifar da nau'ikan da ke da wahalar yaduwa ta iri ko yankan, tare da tabbatar da adana kyawawan halaye na kwayoyin halitta kamar girman, nau'in fure, launin ganye, ko jurewar kwari.
Wasu nau'ikan, kamar Forsythia, blackberry da jasmine nudiflorum, Suna yin yadudduka ba tare da bata lokaci ba, suna sa aikin lambu ya fi sauƙi.
Abubuwan nasara, kulawa da ƙarin shawarwari
- Yi Layering yayin lokutan ayyuka mafi girma. (spring ko kaka a cikin yanayi mai zafi), sai dai ga tudun ruwa da kuma noman ramuka, wanda zai iya farawa a lokacin hutu na hunturu.
- Yi amfani da rassan matasa da lafiya koyaushe, shekara daya ko biyu na girma.
- Yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye yanki mai tushe tare da isasshen danshi, amma guje wa wuce gona da iri da ke haifar da rubewa.
- Yin amfani da hormone rooting yana ƙara yawan nasara., musamman a cikin nau'in da ke da wuyar tushe.
Da zarar an samu sabon samfurin, ana ba da shawarar a fara dasa shi a cikin tukunya don tabbatar da daidaitawa kafin daga bisani a dasa shi zuwa lambun lambu ko gonar lambu, musamman ga nau'in nau'i mai laushi ko jinkirin girma.
Kwatanta: mai layi da sauran dabarun haifuwa
Ko da yake akwai wasu hanyoyin ninkawa, kamar cuttings, rabo na shuke-shuke da graftingLayering yana da fa'idodi da ba za a iya musantawa ba ga nau'ikan nau'ikan da yawa. Don ƙarin bayani kan wasu hanyoyin haifuwa, ziyarci haifuwa shuka.
Don duk waɗannan dalilai, shimfiɗawa ya zama mafi kyawun madadin idan ya zo ga ninka ƙima, ƙima, ko wahala-zuwa samfurori, haɓaka amfani da kayan shuka.
