El Myrtillocactus tsarin halitta, wanda aka fi sani da garambullo, wani nau'in nau'in kaktus ne na asali na yankuna masu bushe da bushewa na Mexico. An ba da kyautar duka darajar kayan ado da 'ya'yan itatuwa, wannan cactus zaɓi ne mai kyau ga waɗanda ke neman mai wuya, mai sauƙin kulawa-ga shuka tare da bayyanar mai ban mamaki. A cikin wannan jagorar, za ku gano duk mahimman bayanai don kulawa da shi, da kuma faɗaɗa bayanai game da yanayin halittar sa, ingantaccen muhalli, tukwici masu girma, cututtuka, dasawa, haifuwa, amfani, da takamaiman halaye.
Halayen Botanical da nau'ikan cactus na garambullo
Karambullo cactus na cikin dangin cactus ne kuma, a cikin jinsinsa, nau'o'in iri da yawa sun yi fice kamar su. Myrtillocactus tsarin halitta (mafi kowa), da Myrtillocactus schenckii ko farin garambullo, Myrtillocactus cochal y Myrtillocactus eichlamii.
- Siffa da tsari: Garambullo wani kaktus ne mai reshe, mai kama da bishiya ko bishiya, wanda zai iya kaiwa sama da mita 4 tsayi a karkashin yanayi mai kyau. Silindrical, nama mai tushe yana da haƙarƙari 5 zuwa 8 daban-daban. Rassan suna yin lanƙwasa zuwa sama, suna ba shi kyan gani kuma na musamman.
- Launi da kashin baya: Tushen yana da bluish-kore lokacin ƙuruciya, yana juya zurfin kore tare da shekaru. Tsayinsa, 1,5 zuwa 3 cm baya, suna da duhu, ko da yake ba su da yawa, radial spines (5 zuwa 9 a kowace areole). Karɓa yana da sauƙi idan an sa safofin hannu masu dacewa.
- Fure da 'ya'yan itatuwa: Garambullo yana samar da ƙananan furanni masu ƙamshi mai sauƙi (ko cream a yanayin farin garambullo), yana auna tsakanin 2,5 zuwa 4 cm. Wadannan suna bayyana a saman mai tushe, musamman a lokacin bazara. 'Ya'yan itacen, wanda aka fi sani da garambullo, berries ne na duniya wanda yake da ja-violet-blue ko ja mai duhu, ana iya ci kuma mai kima sosai a cikin abincin Mexica.
Girman cikin gida ko waje?
El Myrtillocactus tsarin halitta Yana da matukar dacewa kuma ana iya girma a waje da cikin gida, muddin an cika wasu sharudda.
- Hasken haske: Ya fi son yanayin rana, tare da haske kai tsaye na sa'o'i da yawa a rana. Duk da haka, samari samfurori Suna girma mafi kyau a cikin inuwa mai tsaka-tsaki, tun da yawan hasken rana na iya haifar da jajayen aibobi da lahani ga epidermis, musamman a cikin yanayi mai zafi kamar bazara ko kaka.
- Zazzabi: Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine 10 ° C ko sama, yana guje wa sanyi, saboda hakan na iya haifar da lalacewa da tabo baƙar fata ko shunayya a saman cactus. Ko da yake yana jure wa ɗan lokaci kaɗan a cikin zafin jiki, yana da kyau a kiyaye samfuran a cikin yanayin sanyi.
- Cikin gida: A gida, ya kamata a sanya shi kusa da manyan tagogi, terraces, ko patio masu haske. Yana da mahimmanci cewa tukunyar tana da magudanar ruwa mai kyau don hana haɓakar danshi.
Ideal ban ruwa da substrate ga garambullo
Ruwa yana daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan kula da wannan cactus.
- Mitar ban ruwa: Garambullo yana da matukar juriya ga fari da yana buƙatar ƙarancin ruwa fiye da yawancin cacti. Daga bazara zuwa farkon fall, ana ba da shawarar yin ruwa sosai kawai lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya, kusan kowane sati 2 zuwa 3. A cikin hunturu, ya fi dacewa a dakatar da shayarwa ko ruwa sau ɗaya kawai a wata idan shuka yana cikin wuri mai bushe sosai.
- Hatsarin zafi: Ruwan da ya wuce gona da iri shine babban makiyin wannan cactus, domin yana iya haifar da naman gwari, rubewar saiwoyi, da shake saiwar. Yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da tukunya tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa kuma ku guje wa saucer ƙarƙashin tukunyar da zai iya riƙe ruwa.
- Nau'in Substrate: Ya kamata mafi kyawun abin da ya dace ya kasance da iska mai kyau kuma yana da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa. Haɗin da aka ba da shawarar shine: 1/3 yashi kogi mai zurfi, 1/3 peat mai farin ko ganye, 1/3 saman ƙasa ko perlite. Za a iya ƙara tsakuwa don ƙara porosity da hana zubar ruwa.
Hadi, dasawa da dashewa
- Mai saye: A lokacin girma kakar (spring-rani), yana da kyau a samar da wani ruwa taki ga cacti Sau É—aya a wata. Hakanan takin halitta irin su zubar da tsutsotsi ko dakakken kwai shima ya dace, saboda suna samar da calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, da iron. A guji amfani da taki mai yawa ko takin zamani a wajen lokacin girma.
- Dashi: Mafi kyawun lokacin sake girka garambullo shine lokacin bazara, lokacin da shuka ke aiki. Hakanan za'a iya yin shi a lokacin rani, guje wa damuwa da tushen idan shuka yana fure. Zabi tukwane masu faɗi kamar tsayi, saboda nauyin shuka zai iya shafar kwanciyar hankali. Don manyan samfurori, ƙara duwatsu ko bulo zuwa gindin tukunyar.
- Mitar dasawa: Ana yin repoting yawanci kowace shekara biyu ko kuma lokacin da tushen ya fito daga ramukan magudanar ruwa. Saka safofin hannu masu nauyi don guje wa rauni.
Haihuwa da yawaitar garambullo
- Haihuwa ta hanyar yankan: Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauri. Yanke reshe mai lafiya a cikin watanni masu zafi sannan a bar yankan ya bushe na ƴan kwanaki a cikin inuwa kafin a dasa shi a busasshiyar ƙasa. Rooting yana buƙatar dumi, don haka yana da kyau a yi haka a lokacin rani.
- Yada iri: Yana yiwuwa, ko da yake yana buƙatar ƙarin haƙuri. Shuka tsaba a cikin yashi mai yashi, ajiye shi dan kadan kuma dumi har sai germination. Samfuran da aka girma daga iri galibi suna haɓaka wani gungu na tsakiya na musamman; waɗanda aka samu daga yankan sukan yi reshe daga tushe.
Flowering, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da na dafuwa da kuma amfani da kayan ado
- Bloom: Garmbullo yana fure idan ya girma, wanda zai iya faruwa bayan shekaru da yawa na girma. Lokacin girma a cikin tukwane, ana iya ƙara wannan lokacin har ma da ƙari. Fure-fure masu launin fari ko kirim yawanci suna wuce kwana ɗaya kawai, amma suna da ƙamshi sosai kuma suna da sha'awa ga ƙwari.
- 'Ya'yan itace: 'Ya'yan itacen itacen marmari ne mai daÉ—i da É—anÉ—ano mai daÉ—i. Ana amfani da shi don yin jams, barasa, giya, da sauran abincin Mexica na yau da kullun.
- Amfanin ado: Saboda kyan gani na reshe, garambullo yana da kyau don kafa shinge, ƙungiyoyi a cikin lambuna, a matsayin samfurori guda ɗaya, ko kuma a matsayin terrace shuka a cikin manyan tukwane. Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman tushen tushen ga sauran cacti marasa ƙarfi.
Cututtuka, kwari da matsalolin gama gari
- Kwari na gama-gari: Ko da yake yana da juriya sosai, yana iya fama da hare-hare Itace Itace, musamman idan an girma a cikin gida. Bincika axils da tushe akai-akai.
- Namomin kaza: Yawan danshi yana inganta ci gaban naman gwari da rubewar tushen. Idan baƙar fata ko tabo masu laushi sun bayyana akan mai tushe, yi amfani da maganin fungicides na jan ƙarfe kuma inganta magudanar ruwa.
- Rigakafin: Yana da kyawawa a kai a kai tsaftace substrate da tushen a lokacin dasawa, da kuma kauce wa wetting da kara a lokacin watering.
Ƙarin shawarwari don kula da garambullo
- Kariya ga dabbobi da yara: Duk da cewa garambullo yana da ban mamaki kuma bai wuce ƙaya ba, ana ba da shawarar a ajiye shi daga wurin dabbobi da yara ƙanana don guje wa haɗari.
- Alama da kuzari: Cacti, gami da garambullo, suna da alaƙa a cikin tatsuniyoyi da shahararru tare da kariya, dagewa, da tsabtace muhalli, baya ga ɗaukar hasken lantarki daga kayan aikin gida.
- Gudanar da manyan samfurori: Yayin da cactus ke haɓaka ƙarin rassan, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da tukunyar kuma, a cikin lambuna, ba da tallafi idan yana cikin wuraren iska.
- Ado: Kyawun bayyanarsa da karko ya sa ya zama cikakke ga gidaje, ofisoshi da lambunan birane.
El Myrtillocactus tsarin halitta, ko garambullo, yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'in cactus mafi juriya da lada, cikakke ga masu sha'awar sha'awa da ƙwararrun masu tarawa. Girman sa a hankali amma a tsaye, bayyanar reshe mai ban sha'awa, da kyawun furanninta da 'ya'yan itatuwa sun sa ya zama tsire-tsire a kowane tarin. Ta bin shawarwarin da ke cikin wannan jagorar, zaku iya tabbatar da ci gaba mai ƙarfi da lafiya shekaru da yawa, kuna jin daɗin ƙimar kayan ado da damar yin amfani da 'ya'yan itace masu daɗi a cikin aikace-aikacen dafa abinci daban-daban. Kar a manta da sanya safofin hannu masu kariya yayin sarrafawa kuma koyaushe suna ba da fifikon magudanar ruwa don tabbatar da tsawon sa.
