Menene Euphorbia enopla? Asalin da halaye
Euphorbia enopla, wanda aka fi sani da Euphorbia pincushion, tsire-tsire ne mai ɗanɗano na dangin Euphorbiaceae, ɗan asalin yankuna masu bushe da bushewa na kudancin Afirka. Ya fito waje don kore, nama, madaidaiciya, ginshiƙan ginshiƙai waɗanda ke reshe daga tushe, kuma don nasa jajayen kashin baya wanda ke ba shi bayyanar musamman da ado. Yana iya kaiwa tsayi daban-daban, daga ƙananan ƙungiyoyi a cikin tukwane zuwa manyan gyare-gyare a cikin lambuna masu kyau, yawanci auna tsakanin 30 zuwa 90 centimeters dangane da yanayin girma da kuma bayyanar shuka gaba ɗaya.
Ganyensa yawanci ƙanana ne kuma ƙanƙara, wanda, tare da haɓakar kashin baya, yana ba shi kamanni kamar cactus, kodayake a zahiri yana da ɗanɗano. A lokacin dumin yanayi, yana samarwa furanni rawaya kankanin, irin na Euphorbias, wanda aka haifa a rukuni a ƙarshen mai tushe. Siffar halayyar wannan iyali, ban da rashin petals a cikin furanni, shine kasancewar a farar fata da mai guba wanda ke tsiro a lokacin da aka yanke ko ya lalace, don haka ya kamata a kula da shi da hankali.
Euphorbia enopla yana da kyau don tukwane, lambunan cactus, da rockeries, wanda ya dace daidai cikin tarin abubuwan ban sha'awa na waje ko a cikin gida tare da yanayin haske mai kyau. Its hardiness da ƙananan bukatun bukatun sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi ga masu farawa da ƙwararrun lambu.
Madaidaicin wuri da haskaka haske
Wuri da bayyanar haske Waɗannan su ne abubuwan da suka fi kayyade ƙarfi da ƙaya na Euphorbia enopla. Wannan ƙwanƙwasa yana bunƙasa a cikin yanayi mai haske, yana jurewa duka hasken rana kai tsaye da inuwa. Duk da haka, a lokacin mafi zafi lokaci, yana da kyau a guje wa hasken rana kai tsaye a tsakiyar sa'o'i na rana don hana konewa ko canza launin mai tushe.
A cikin gida, sanya Euphorbia enopla kusa da taga gabas- ko kudu, inda take samun haske mai yawa na halitta ba tare da tsawan lokaci ba ga tsananin hasken rana. Idan an girma a waje, zaka iya sanya shi a kan patios, terraces, ko lambuna masu kyau, tabbatar da kiyaye shi daga ruwan sama mai yawa da sanyi. Frost na iya yin kisa har ma ga manya samfurori, don haka idan akwai haÉ—arin rashin yanayin zafi, yana da kyau a ajiye shi a cikin tukunya kuma a matsar da shi zuwa wani wuri mai kariya a lokacin sanyi.
Koyaushe kula da martanin shuka: rauni mai rauni ko tsayin daka mai tsayi yawanci alamar rashin isasshen haske ne, yayin da ɓarke ​​​​ko mai tushe ya nuna hasken rana kai tsaye. Daidaita wurin bisa waɗannan alamomin halitta.
Dace da zafin jiki da yanayin Euphorbia enopla
Euphorbia enopla ya fi son yanayin dumi, bushewar yanayi, kwatankwacin na asalin muhallinsa. Yana jure yanayin zafi da kyau yayin rana, muddin yana da isasshen iska kuma baya fama da matsanancin zafi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki da aka ba da shawarar shine a kusa da 5 ° C, saboda a ƙarƙashin wannan kewayon tushen da mai tushe na iya lalacewa ta hanyar sanyi.
A cikin yankunan da ke da sanyi mai sanyi, ana iya ajiye shi a waje duk shekara. A cikin yanayin sanyi ko waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin sanyi, yana da mahimmanci don kare shukar da ke ƙarƙashin rufin ko matsar da shi cikin gida na ɗan lokaci don tabbatar da rayuwa. A lokacin zafi, inuwa mai haske a lokacin mafi zafi na sa'o'i na iya taimakawa hana damuwa zafi da lalacewar nama saboda rashin ruwa.
Ka tuna cewa Euphorbia enopla ba ya yarda da zafi mai yawa ko ruwa, don haka a cikin yankunan da ke da yawan ruwan sama, ya fi dacewa da girma a cikin kwantena kuma kula da hankali na musamman ga magudanar ruwa.
Substrate da dashi: mabuÉ—in ci gaba mai kyau
El manufa mai kyau don Euphorbia enopla Ya kamata ya zama sako-sako, mai iska, kuma yana da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa, mai mahimmanci don hana zubar ruwa a cikin tushen da ci gaban rot. Kuna iya amfani da haÉ—e-haÉ—e na kasuwanci na musamman don cacti da succulents ko shirya naku substrate bin girke-girke da masana suka ba da shawarar:
- 2 sassa na duniya substrate ko ingancin baƙar fata ƙasa.
- 1 sashi na tsutsa simintin gyare-gyare (don samar da sinadirai masu saurin sakin jiki).
- 2 sassa m yashi (wanke kogin yashi), perlite ko pumice don inganta magudanar ruwa.
- 1/2 part vermiculite don daidaitaccen riƙe danshi.
- Optionally, 1/2 part na crushed gawayi, wanda taimaka wajen hana yaduwar fungi da ci gaba da cakuda aerated.
Idan kana so ka ƙarfafa kariya daga wuce haddi danshi, za ka iya rufe surface na substrate da Layer na ado tsakuwa ko kananan duwatsu.
El dasawa Ana ba da shawarar yin wannan kawai a cikin bazara, lokacin da shuka ya fara lokacin ciyayi. Zaɓi tukunya wanda ya fi na baya girma kaɗan (ƙarin 2-3 cm a diamita) don guje wa wuce gona da iri a kusa da tushen. Tabbatar cewa tukunyar tana da rami mai magudanar ruwa kuma sabon tukunyar tukunyar tana da iska sosai.
Koyaushe rike da safar hannu mai kauri don guje wa huda da tuntuɓar latex mai guba, musamman idan kuna da fata mai laushi.
Watering Euphorbia enopla: mita da tukwici
El Ban ruwa yana daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan kulawa da Euphorbia enoplaWannan tsiron, wanda ya dace da yanayi mara kyau, yana adana ruwa a cikin mai tushe kuma yana buƙatar ɗan zafi kaɗan don bunƙasa. Yana da kyau a shayar da ƙasa da yawa; Makullin shine bari substrate ya bushe gaba daya tsakanin waterings.
- bazara da bazara: Ruwa a matsakaici lokacin da ka lura ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya don taɓawa a zurfin inci da yawa. Gabaɗaya, wannan yana nufin shayarwa mako-mako, amma mitar zata dogara da yanayin zafi, zafi, da nau'in ƙasa.
- Kaka da hunturu: Rage mita sosai. A lokacin hutu, ana iya ba da ruwa zuwa kowane mako uku ko hudu, ko kuma a daina kusan gaba É—aya idan yanayin ya yi sanyi kuma ya bushe. Yawan ruwa a wannan mataki shine babban dalilin rubewa.
Ka guji yin amfani da jita-jita na ruwa a ƙarƙashin tukunya kuma tabbatar da magudanar ruwa mafi kyau. A duk lokacin da zai yiwu, yi amfani da lemun tsami- da ruwa mara chlorine, da ruwa kai tsaye a cikin substrate, ba mai tushe ko ƙaya ba.
Hadi da hadi don ingantaccen girma
Hadi mai kyau Yana haɓaka girma, ƙarfi, da furen Euphorbia enopla. Ba shuka ba ne mai buƙata, amma yana amsa da kyau ga daidaitattun takin mai magani musamman ga cacti da succulents. Ya kamata a yi amfani da taki da farko a cikin bazara kuma, kawai a lokacin ciyayi, a lokacin rani.
Yi amfani da takin mai sarrafa-saki mai ƙarancin nitrogen kuma mai wadatar potassium da phosphorus, ana yin alluran rabin adadin shawarar masana'anta. Wannan zai hana ci gaba da sauri da taushi, wanda zai iya inganta cututtuka da nakasa. Dakatar da hadi a cikin watanni masu sanyi ko don sabbin tsire-tsire da aka dasa.
Pruning, tsaftacewa da kiyayewa
La Euphorbia Ita ce tsire-tsire mai ƙarancin kulawa wanda, a ƙarƙashin yanayin al'ada. ba buƙatar pruningKoyaya, zaku iya cire busassun ƙayayuwa, masu tushe da suka lalace, ko fure-fure masu bushewa don kula da kyawun shukar da kuma haɓaka yanayin iska. Yi amfani da kayan aiki masu tsabta da safar hannu masu kariya koyaushe, kuma guje wa haɗuwa da latex na madara, wanda zai iya fusatar da fata da mucous membranes.
Don tsaftace shuka, kada a fesa shi da ruwa. Idan kuna son cire ƙura ko datti daga mai tushe, yi amfani da busassun fenti mai laushi ko busassun fenti don guje wa lalata ƙasa ko gabatar da danshi cikin wurare masu mahimmanci.
Kwari da cututtuka na kowa
Euphorbia enopla yana da matukar juriya ga kwari da cututtuka. idan an kiyaye yanayin girma mai kyau. Duk da haka, yawan ruwa da zafi na iya jawo hankalin mealybugs, fungal rot, ko ja gizo-gizo mites. Yi bincike akai-akai akan tushe na mai tushe da ƙananan ganye (idan akwai) don alamun kamuwa da cuta:
- Ganye mai launin rawaya da yanar gizo: yiwuwar harin gizo-gizo ja.
- Ganyayyaki masu laushi: wuce haddi ruwa da yiwuwar fara rot.
- Asarar koren launi: rashin isasshen ban ruwa.
- Ganye masu bushewa: ƙananan zafin jiki da yawa.
Don hana waɗannan matsalolin, sarrafa ruwa, tabbatar da magudanar ruwa, da kuma ajiye shuka a cikin wani wuri mai kyau. Idan kwari sun bayyana, cire su da hannu kuma amfani da takamaiman samfura don masu maye, koyaushe suna bin ƙa'idodin amfani da aka ba da shawarar.
Guba da amintaccen kulawa
El Euphorbia enopla latex mai guba ne ga mutane da dabbobi. HaÉ—uwa kai tsaye na iya haifar da haushin fata, rashin jin daÉ—in ido, da kuma rashin lafiyar jiki. Ciwon ruwan 'ya'yan itace na iya haifar da matsalolin ciki. Don haka, kiyaye wannan É—anÉ—ano mai É—anÉ—ano wanda ba za a iya isa ga yara da dabbobin gida ba, kuma ku sanya safofin hannu masu kauri a kowane lokaci yayin dasawa, dasa, ko yaduwa.
Idan an yi hulɗar bazata tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, wanke wurin da abin ya shafa da sabulu da ruwa mai yawa kuma, idan haushi ya ci gaba, tuntuɓi gwani.
Yadawa: Yadda ake yada Euphorbia enopla
Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu don ninka Euphorbia enopla:
- Yankan: Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi nasara. Yanke wani tushe mai lafiya a lokacin bazara ko farkon lokacin rani, a bar yankan ya bushe na ƴan kwanaki a wuri mai kyau don warkewa, sannan a dasa shi a cikin yashi mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano. Yankan yakan yi tushe a cikin 'yan makonni. Ka tuna don kare kanka daga latex yayin wannan aikin.
- Tsaba: Idan shukar ku ta yi fure kuma ta ba da 'ya'ya, za ku iya tattara tsaba ku shuka su a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa mai laushi mai yashi. Ajiye wurin da aka shuka a cikin dumi, wuri mai haske tare da zafi mai sarrafawa har sai tsiron ya yi girma kuma ana iya dasa shi daban-daban.
Duk hanyoyin biyu suna buƙatar haƙuri da kwanciyar hankali haske da yanayin zafin jiki don tabbatar da nasarar tushen tushe da hana ci gaban fungi.
Matsalolin gama gari da mafita
La Euphorbia, duk da kasancewa mai ƙarfi, na iya gabatar da wasu matsalolin dangane da kurakuran noma na yau da kullun:
- Ganyayyaki masu laushi: Yawan shayarwa na iya haifar da rubewar tushen. Rage watering da inganta substrate aeration.
- Ganyen rawaya da cutar mite gizo-gizo: Kula da hankali kuma kuyi aiki tare da takamaiman acaricides idan kun gano kwari.
- Rauni mai tushe da ruku'u: yana nuna rashin isasshen haske, matsar da shuka zuwa wuri mai haske.
- Asarar launi: Rashin ban ruwa ko kuma maras kyau na iya haifar da kodadde mai tushe, daidaita yawan ban ruwa da hadi a lokacin girma.
Bambance-bambance tsakanin Euphorbia enopla da sauran nau'in jinsin
Jinsi Euphorbia Yana ƙunshe da dubban nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halitta da girma dabam dabam. Sauran shahararrun nau'ikan sun haɗa da Euphorbia horo, Euphorbia trigona, Euphorbia lactea, Euphorbia candelabrum da Euphorbia characias, kowanne da nasa musamman dangane da launi, bayyanar da bukatun noma. An bambanta enopla ta hanyarsa zurfin ja spines akan kore mai tushe da kamannun bayyanarsa da reshe daga tushe.
Gabaɗaya shawarwarin girma suna kama da haske, substrate, da haɗarin latex, amma yana da kyau a tuntuɓi takamaiman takaddun bayanai don kowane iri-iri, kamar yadda wasu na iya buƙatar mafi ƙarancin yanayin zafi daban-daban, ƙari ko ƙasa da fallasa rana, ko wasu mahimman bayanai don ingantaccen girma.
Karin shawarwari don nasarar noma
- A guji sarrafa shuka ba tare da kariya ba, duka saboda ƙaya da latex.
- Yi amfani da tukwane koyaushe tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa don rage haÉ—arin toshe ruwa.
- Kada ku sha ruwa daga sama, sai dai daga gefen tukunyar don hana ruwa zama a gindin mai tushe.
- A cikin wuraren da lokacin sanyi, girma a cikin tukunya don sauƙaƙe sufuri a ƙarƙashin tsari.
- Dasawa a cikin bazara kuma barin shuka a cikin inuwa na 'yan kwanaki don murmurewa daga damuwa na canji.
- Idan kun girma cikin rukuni, barin isasshen sarari tsakanin tsire-tsire don guje wa gasa da haɓaka samun iska.
La Euphorbia Yana da matuƙar dacewa da iyawa, kayan ado, kuma mai sauƙin kiyayewa tare da kulawa ta asali. Haɗin sa mai tushe na gine-gine da jajayen kashin baya yana ƙara daɗaɗɗen hali ga kowane tarin mai daɗi. Tare da wurin da ya dace, daɗaɗɗen ruwa mai kyau, ruwa mai sarrafawa, da wasu hadi yayin girma, za ku iya jin daɗin shuka mai ƙarfi na shekaru masu yawa, koyaushe kuna tunawa da guba da mahimmancin kulawa mai aminci. Raba gogewar ku da tukwici masu girma don ci gaba da koyo game da wannan dutse mai daraja ta duniya mai daɗi.