Shin kun san Echeveria runyonii? Wannan mai ɗanɗano, ɗan asalin ƙasar Mexico, yana ɗaukar nau'ikan siffofi, launuka, da sauƙin kulawa. Ko da yake yana iya zama mai sauƙi a kallon farko, shuka ce mai tarihi, nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) wanda ya dace da masu farawa da ƙwararrun masu tarawa.
Asalin, tarihi da abubuwan son sanin Echeveria runyonii
Echeveria runyonii na cikin dangin Crassulaceae, kuma yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan nau'in nau'in jinsin Echeveria, wanda ya hada da kusan nau'in nau'in 400 na asali daga Mexico da Arewacin Amirka ta Kudu. Wurin zama na asali shine Puebla, wani yanki mai tsaunuka a Mexico wanda ke ba da yanayin zafi, hasken rana, da yanayin ƙasa waɗanda ke ayyana ilimin halittar jiki da bukatun yanzu.
An rubuta shi a cikin 1930s ta masanin ilimin botanist E. WalterSunansa na musamman, "runyonii," yana girmama Robert Runyon, mai tara tsire-tsire masu kishi. Saboda wannan dalili, an kuma san shi da "Runyon's Echeveria" ko "Echeveria runyonii San Carlos." A cikin kasuwannin duniya, yana iya fitowa a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban dangane da iri-iri ko ƙasar da ake sayarwa, wanda zai iya haifar da rudani.
Wannan succulent ya ci nasara a kan masu lambu a duniya. Saboda ƙaƙƙarfansa, ƙarancin buƙatun ruwa, da kamanni mai ban mamaki, ba abin mamaki ba ne yana da mahimmanci a cikin tarin, tukwane na ado, lambunan dutse, da shirye-shiryen xerophytic.
Halayen Botanical da ilimin halittar jiki na Echeveria runyonii
Babban abin da ake iya gane shi shine siffar rosette na ganyenta.Kowane rosette zai iya kaiwa santimita 10 zuwa 15 a tsayi kuma har zuwa santimita 15 a diamita a cikin samfuran manya. Ganyen suna da kauri, masu naman jiki, kuma suna da launi daga shuɗi-launin toka zuwa launin azurfa-koren, wani lokacin kuma suna da ɗan gefuna ja ko ruwan hoda. Suna da spatulate kuma suna da fure mai yawa (waxy foda) wanda, baya ga ƙawata shuka, yana taimakawa wajen rage asarar ruwa.
Ganye yakan yi haske a yanayin haske mai haskeLokacin da shuka ya fallasa zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye, furen yana ƙaruwa, kuma ana iya ganin siffar farar fata sosai. Akasin haka, idan bayyanar ba ta isa ba, rosette zai kasance yana shimfiɗawa (etiolation), yana rasa ƙarancin siffarsa.
FurewaYana samar da karukan furanni masu ban mamaki, har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, waɗanda ke fitowa daga tsakiyar rosette. Furen, a cikin inuwar orange, ruwan hoda, ko rawaya, suna fitowa cikin gungu kuma suna da sifar kararrawa, tsayin kusan santimita 2. Baya ga samar da darajar ado, suna jan hankalin masu yin pollinators kamar ƙudan zuma da malam buɗe ido.
GirmaLokacin aiki yana maida hankali ne a cikin watanni masu zafi, tare da mafi girman ci gabanta a lokacin bazara da bazara. An fi ganin girma a faÉ—in, tare da faÉ—aÉ—a rosette a diamita. Shuka na iya samar da yankuna masu yawa saboda godiya ga samar da suckers.
Babban iri da nau'ikan kasuwanci
A cikin Echeveria runyonii akwai iri-iri da cultivars wanda ke ba da bambance-bambancen ilimin halittar jiki:
- Echeveria runyonii 'Topsy Turvy'Shahararriyar ganyayen sa masu jujjuyawar ciki. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi daraja don ƙayataccen kyawun sa. Ganyen na iya ɗaukar inuwar shuɗi, kore, ko ruwan hoda lokaci-lokaci a gefuna.
- Echeveria runyonii 'Macabeana'Bambance-bambancen da aka yi la'akari da ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffi kuma "na asali", wanda aka bambanta da ganye masu fadi da ƙananan lankwasa fiye da cultivars na zamani.
- Echeveria runyonii 'Dr Butterfield': An zabo shi musamman ganyayensa masu kauri wanda aka lullube da furanni masu yawa.
- Echeveria runyonii 'Texas Rose': Ganyensa yakan yi tsayi da yawa, tare da launin azurfa-fari. Popular a cikin tarin.
Akwai wasu cultivars da sunayen kasuwanci da ke da alaƙa da wannan nau'in, yawancin su ana gano su da siffar ganye, launi, ko girman su. Ba sabon abu ba ne a sami clone iri ɗaya a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban dangane da wurin gandun daji ko yanki.
Inda zan sanya Echeveria runyonii?
Tsire-tsire ne mai yawan gaske kuma ana iya girma a ciki da waje., muddin yanayin muhalli ya dace da bukatunsa. A cikin lambunan dutse, wuraren rana, patios, terraces, ko a matsayin tsire-tsire na gida kusa da taga mai haske, yana kawo sabo da zamani, salon daji. Hakanan kyakkyawan zaɓi ne don shirye-shiryen shiryayye da nunin kayan ado, godiya ga ƙaramin girmansa da kyawun gani.
Kafin yanke shawara akan wuri, la'akari da waÉ—annan:
- Haske: Ya fi son haske mai haske, tare da fallasa kai tsaye tsakanin sa'o'i 4 zuwa 6 kowace rana, da kyau a lokacin safiya.
- kyakkyawan zafin jiki: Yana girma mafi kyau tsakanin 18 da 26 ° C, kodayake yana iya jure kololuwar zafi. A cikin hunturu, yana jure wa sanyi muddin yanayin zafi bai faɗi ƙasa da 8 ° C ba. Ciwon sanyi mai tsayi zai iya lalata shuka, don haka a cikin yankuna masu sanyi yana da kyau a kare shi a cikin gida ko a cikin greenhouse.
- Samun iska: Yana da mahimmanci a cikin gida don hana haɓakar danshi da bayyanar fungi ko kwari.
Mafi kyawun ƙasa da ƙasa don Echeveria runyonii
Substrate yana ɗaya daga cikin maɓallan nasara a cikin girma Echeveria runyoniiWannan succulent yana buƙatar ingantacciyar magudanar ruwa don gujewa zubar ruwa da ruɓewar tushen. Don ƙarin bayani kan sauran nau'ikan iri succulents, za ku iya tuntuɓar sashen mu na sadaukarwa.
Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar sun haÉ—a da:
- Universal substrate ga shuke-shuke wadatar da perlite, pumice, ko m yashi, a cikin wani rabo na kusan 2:1. Wannan yana inganta iska kuma yana rage haÉ—arin wuce haddi.
- Na gida succulent mix: Wani yanki na tukunyar ƙasa, kashi ɗaya perlite ko ɓaure, da wani ɓangaren yashin kogin da aka wanke.
- Wasu masana sun ba da shawarar ƙarawa gutsattsarin tsakuwa mai aman wuta don inganta rigakafin fungal.
Dole ne tukunyar ta kasance ramukan magudanar ruwa a gindi. Idan kuna amfani da tsire-tsire ba tare da magudanar ruwa ba, yi hankali sosai tare da shayarwa da adadin É—anÉ—ano mai laushi.
Ban ruwa: mita, hanya da alamun wuce haddi ko rashi
Echeveria runyonii tana adana ruwa a cikin ganyen sa, don haka yana jure wa tsaka-tsakin lokaci na fari fiye da zubar ruwa. Yawan ruwa shine babban makiyin wannan shuka. Idan kuna son ƙarin shawarwarin aikin lambu, duba labarinmu akan shuke-shuken gida.
Shawarwari na ban ruwa:
- bazara da bazara: Ruwa sau ɗaya kowane kwanaki 8-10 ko lokacin da substrate ya bushe gaba ɗaya. A cikin yanayin zafi ko bushewa, ƙila za ku buƙaci ƙara yawan mita.
- FaÉ—uwa: Ruwan sarari kowane mako 2-3.
- Winter: Rage shayarwa zuwa sau É—aya a wata. Shuka yana shiga dormancy kuma an rage evaporation.
Ya fi kyau a zama É—an gajeren ruwa da a yi masa yawa. Ganyen da aka murtuke ko maras kyau suna nuna rashin ruwa, yayin da ganyen rawaya da ganyaye ke nuna yawan ruwa da yuwuwar rubewa.Koyaushe ruwa kai tsaye a kan substrate, guje wa jika ganye don hana cuta.
Hadi da takin mai magani: yaushe kuma yadda ake ciyar da Echeveria runyonii
Ba shi da mahimmanci don takin Echeveria runyoniiDuk da haka, hadi da aka yi da kyau a lokacin girma na iya ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka haɓaka da fure. Don ƙarin bayani kan yadda ake kula da nau'ikan iri daban-daban Launi mai haske, duba sashen mu na sadaukarwa.
Shawarwari na hadi:
- Liquid takin mai magani: Aiwatar kowane mako 4-6 a cikin bazara-rani, diluted a rabin adadin shawarar da aka ba da shawarar don succulents ko cacti.
- Saki-saki taki granular: Ana iya amfani dashi a farkon bazara. Suna da kyau ga mutane masu mantawa, yayin da suke sakin kayan abinci a hankali.
- Organic takin mai magani: Balagagge takin ko tsutsotsi humus a cikin ƙananan yawa, mafi kyau gauraye a cikin substrate kafin dasawa.
Ka guji ciyar da shuka fiye da kima, saboda da yawa zai iya haifar da rauni mai rauni ko canza launinsa.
Yankewa, tsaftacewa da kiyaye Echeveria runyonii
Baya buƙatar tsatsa mai tsananiKulawa yana iyakance ga cire busassun, lalace, ko ganyayen marasa lafiya da yanke masu tushe fure da zarar fure ya ƙare. Wannan yana inganta iska kuma yana rage kasancewar kwari da fungi.
Don cire ganye, yi amfani da almakashi mai tsafta, gurɓatattun almakashi. Idan succulent ya fara rasa siffarsa, za ku iya raba suckers don sake farfado da shuka kuma ku ba da damar sababbin rosettes.
Kwari na yau da kullun da cututtuka na Echeveria runyonii
Babban barazana ga lafiyar Echeveria runyonii shine kwari da fungi da aka samu daga matsanancin zafi.:
- Cottony mealybugsSuna fitowa musamman akan busassun ganye da kuma lokacin fure. Ana cire su tare da swab wanda aka jiƙa a cikin barasa na isopropyl ko sarrafa ilimin halitta.
- Aphids: Suna kai hari kan furanni kuma suna iya raunana shuka. Yanke tushen masu kamuwa da cuta yawanci ya isa.
- Fungi da rot: Suna tasowa ne daga yawan ruwa ko rashin magudanar ruwa. Tushen da ganye masu laushi, masu launi, ko ƙamshi masu ƙamshi alamun gargaɗi ne. Idan kun yi zargin haka, cire shukar, cire duk wani tushen da ya lalace, sannan a sake dasa shi a bushe, ƙasa mai kyau.
- Mites da jajayen kwari: Rarer, amma yana iya bayyana tare da rashin samun iska ko bushewa mai yawa a cikin muhalli.
Kyakkyawan samun iska, sarrafa ruwa, da dubawa akai-akai sune mafi kyawun rigakafin.
Haihuwa da yaduwa: ninka Echeveria runyonii mataki-mataki
Daya daga cikin dalilan shaharar Echeveria runyonii shine matsanancin sauƙi na ninkawaAkwai hanyoyi guda biyu musamman masu tasiri:
- Yadawa ta ganye: Hanyar da ta fi kowa. Zabi ganye mai lafiya, balagagge, raba shi a hankali, kuma bar shi ya bushe tsawon sa'o'i 24 zuwa 48 don samar da callus. Sanya shi a kan busasshiyar ƙasa kuma jira ƴan makonni don saiwoyin da sabon tsiron ya tsiro. Fesa ruwa lokaci-lokaci har sai sabon shuka ya sami tushe.
- Rarraba masu tsotsa: Yawancin Echeverias suna samar da ƙananan yara ko rosettes tare da iyayen shuka. Kawai raba su da wuka mai tsabta kuma a dasa su a cikin sabuwar tukunya.
- Yadawa ta hanyar yankan tushe: Kadan na kowa, amma zai yiwu idan shuka ya zama marar daidaituwa ko yana da tsayi mai tsayi. Yanke tushen, jira raunin ya warke, kuma a dasa shi a cikin wani wuri mai dacewa.
Kowane ɗayan waɗannan hanyoyin yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako kuma yana ba ku damar sabunta tsire-tsire cikin sauƙi, ba su kyauta, ko faɗaɗa tarin ku.
Haɓaka da shawarwari masu amfani ga Echeveria runyonii lafiya
Wasu ƙarin shawarwari zasu taimaka muku kiyaye Echeveria runyonii koyaushe a cikin mafi kyawun yanayin sa:
- Juya tukunyar kowane mako 2-3 don tabbatar da girma mai ma'ana, yayin da shuka ke ƙoƙarin karkata zuwa ga haske.
- Kada a jika ganye yayin shayarwa. don hana naman gwari da tabo.
- Yana ba da isasshen iska don rage haÉ—arin mealybugs da sauran kwari.
- A lokacin bazara da bazaraKuna iya ƙara yawan shayarwa idan shuka ya fallasa zuwa yanayin zafi mai yawa, amma kada ku bar ruwa a cikin saucer ko tushe.
- Kada a dasa Echeveria runyonii kafin hunturu., tun da zai kasance a hutawa kuma zai fi dacewa da damuwa.
Echeveria runyonii yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano wanda ke ba da yawa ga kaɗan. Taurinsa, kyawunta, da sauƙin yaduwa sun sa ya zama cikakke ga masu sha'awar sha'awa sababbi ga duniyar masu cin nasara da masu tarawa waɗanda ke neman sabbin nau'ikan iri da cultivars. Tare da ƙarancin kulawa da guje wa yawan ruwa, zaku iya jin daɗin furanninta masu ban sha'awa da furanni masu ban sha'awa na shekaru masu zuwa, suna kawo rayuwa da launi zuwa kowane kusurwar gidanku ko lambun ku.
