Dankali amfanin gona ne mai godiya, mai albarka, cikakke ga lambuna da tukwane; tare da kyakkyawan gudanarwa, ya zama ruwan dare a gare su 1 kg na dankali iri ana samunsu fiye da 10 kg dankali, kodayake yawan amfanin ƙasa ya bambanta dangane da iri-iri, nau'in ƙasa, da kulawa. A ƙasa, zaku sami cikakken jagora mai amfani tare da kimanin kwanaki bisa ga yanayin, shirya ƙasa, mataki-mataki na shuka, ban ruwa, kawar da kwari, ƙungiyoyin da aka ba da shawarar, girbi, da kuma adanawa. Hakanan yana haɗa dabarun gargajiya da ma'aunin fasaha don cimma girbi mai albarka da lafiya.
Yaushe za a iya dasa dankali?
Dankali ya fi son a sanyi, yanayi mara sanyi. A waje, lokacin da ya fi dacewa don shuka shine farkon bazaraLokacin da haɗarin sanyi ya wuce, yanayin zafi na dare ba ya faɗi ƙasa da 7 ° C kuma yanayin ƙasa yana kusa da 10 ° C. A cikin yanayi mai sanyi mai sanyi, ana iya yin shuka a cikin kaka ko ƙarshen lokacin rani, tare da girbi a lokacin hunturu ko farkon bazara.
Idan kun girma a ciki greenhouse Ko tare da kariya, zaku iya shuka a baya kuma ku tsawaita sake zagayowar, koyaushe yana tabbatar da matsakaicin yanayin zafi yayin tuberization. A cikin wuraren sanyi, yin amfani da barguna masu zafi ko tsarin dumama na iya sauƙaƙe amfanin gona na baya.
Kalanda shuka bisa ga nau'in amfanin gona
Gilashin shuka ya bambanta dangane da yanayi da yanki. Anan ga cikakken jagora don tsara amfanin gona:
- Ƙari da wuri: Shuka tsakanin Satumba da Oktoba, tare da girbi tsakanin Disamba da Afrilu, manufa don wuraren da ke da sanyi mai sanyi da ƙarin kariya.
- Da wuri: shuka a watan Disamba ko Janairu, girbi tsakanin Afrilu da Yuni.
- Rabin kakar: shuka a Fabrairu ko Maris, girbi a lokacin rani.
- Late: shuka a lokacin rani, girbe a cikin kaka da hunturu, da amfani don adana tubers.
Zaɓi taga shuka ku dangane da yanayin gida, daidaitawa don kariya a wuraren sanyi ko guje wa matsanancin zafi a yankuna masu dumi.
Yanayi, ƙasa da buƙatun haske
Dankali yana buƙatar a yanayin sanyi-sanyi tare da yanayin zafi tsakanin 13ºC da 18ºC, tun lokacin da yanayin zafi ya yi yawa ko kuma ya ragu yana jinkirta girma kuma yana inganta cututtuka. Yana buƙatar a ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa mara kyau tare da laushi ko yashi-loam, tare da pH tsakanin 5,5 da 8. Yana da mahimmanci don kauce wa ƙananan ƙasa da ƙasa mai ruwa wanda zai iya lalata tushen da tubers.
Haske yana rinjayar shi kai tsaye: tare da gajerun kwanaki tuberization ya fi son kuma tare da tsawon kwanaki ciyayi. Kowane iri yana da nasa m photoperiod, don haka daidaita kwanan watan shuka zuwa layin ku don samun mafi kyawun amfanin gona.
Dangane da abinci mai gina jiki, dankalin turawa yana buƙata potassiumKauce wa taki tare da wuce haddi kilogiram Idan ka lura necrosis a kan ganye. Don adana su, da tubers bukatar oxygen da yanayi mai duhu, da iska don guje wa matsaloli irin su baƙar fata cututtukan zuciya; adanawa a wurare masu kyaun yanayin iska kuma nesa da hasken kai tsaye.
Yadda ake shirya tsaba dankalin turawa
Don shuka, yi amfani da sprouted tubers tare da 1-2 cm sprouts. Yana da kyau a saya ƙwararrun tsaba don guje wa cututtuka. Idan tubers suna da girma, yanke su cikin guda 2-3, barin aƙalla 2 gwaiduwa akan kowane yanki. Bari su warke na kwanaki 2-3 kafin shuka don rage haɗarin rot da kwari.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa da dasa shuki mataki-mataki
- Tilling da shirya ƙasa: Karye ƙasa har sai kun sami ƙasa maras kyau, wadatar da takin, taki mai girma ko zazzabin cizon duniyaBinciken ƙasa na baya yana taimakawa wajen daidaita NPK da abubuwan gina jiki.
- Shirya iriIdan kun yi amfani da manyan tubers, yanke su cikin sassa 2-3 tare da aƙalla buds 2 kowanne, barin raguwa ya warke tsawon kwanaki 2 a cikin busassun wuri mai iska.
- Yi mahara kuma samar da danshi na farkoTono rami kamar zurfin 7 cm kuma faɗin 25 cm. Yi ruwa sau biyu kuma a bar ruwan ya ratsa, yana tabbatar da isasshen danshi a cikin ƙasa. Sanya nau'in iri kamar 25-30 cm baya a cikin ramin, yana rufe su da kimanin 5 cm na ƙasa.
A cikin yankuna masu zafi sosai, dasa shuki a cikin ciyayi masu tasowa ko ridges na iya zama da kyau don inganta sanyaya da kyau tuberization.
