Succulents da cacti sun shahara don kasancewa masu juriya da ƙarancin kulawa, Har ma ga wadanda basu da kwarewa a aikin lambu. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ba su da kariya daga cututtuka da kwari. A cikin wannan babban labarin, za ku sami ƙarin koyo game da su. Mafi yawan cututtuka na succulents, mafi yawan kwari, da yadda za a hana su da kuma bi da su. don kiyaye shuke-shuken ku lafiya da kyan gani na shekaru.
Me yasa succulents ke rashin lafiya?
Succulents suna adana ruwa a cikin ganye, mai tushe da tushen., wanda ke ba su damar tsira a cikin matsanancin fari. Duk da haka, wannan daidaitawar dabi'a kuma yana sa su zama masu saukin kamuwa da su Matsalolin da ke haifar da ruwa mai yawa, zafi mai yawa da rashin isasshen iska. A) Ee, Rashin isassun ruwa, magudanar ruwa mara kyau ko cunkoso Suna iya haifar da cututtukan fungal ko na kwayan cuta, da kuma sauƙaƙe harin kwari daban-daban.
Saboda haka, ko da yake Suna buƙatar ƙarancin kulawa fiye da sauran tsire-tsire na cikin gida, yana da mahimmanci a sani barazanar da alamun da ka iya faruwa don yin aiki a cikin lokaci kuma ku guje wa lalacewar da ba za ta iya jurewa ba.
Mafi na kowa succulent cututtuka da kuma yadda za a gane su
- Tushen da kara rot: Yawancin lokaci ana haifar da fungi irin su Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, ko Phytophthora. Yana bayyana a matsayin mai laushi, tushen launin ruwan kasa, tushe mai laushi mai laushi, kuma wani lokacin wani wari mara kyau. Ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙasa mai cike da ruwa ko mara kyau.
- Cututtukan kwayoyin cuta (Misali: Erwinia)Irin wannan kamuwa da cuta yana haifar da laushi, ɗanɗano mai tushe tare da ruɓaɓɓen wari. Ganyen suna nuna duhu, rawaya, ko launin ruwan kasa. Wakilin yakan shiga ta raunuka ko yanke.
- Powdery mildew: Ganewa ta gaban wani farin foda a kan ganye da mai tusheYana yaduwa a cikin wurare masu zafi da rashin samun iska.
- Fungal ganye spotsKwayoyin cututtuka irin su Alternaria, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Bipolaris, Colletotrichum da Cercospora haddasawa. raunin madauwari, tabo, ko canza launin ganye a kan ganyeA cikin lokuta masu tsanani, waɗannan tabo sun zama baƙi, duhu launin ruwan kasa, ko ma suna da gefuna masu ja.
- Rushewar wuyaWurin da ke sama da tushen ya yi laushi kuma ya ruɓe, da sauri ya shafi dukan shuka. Abubuwan da ke haifar da wuce gona da iri, daɗaɗɗen kayan maye, da rashin isasshen iska.
- Botrytis (mold launin toka): Ana siffanta shi da bayyanar wani launin toka Layer na spores akan ganye ko furanni a cikin mahalli masu É—anÉ—ano tare da É—an motsin iska.
- Verticillium: Yana haifar da rawaya, bushewar ganye da raguwa gaba É—aya, saboda katsewar bututun sap ta hanyar naman gwari.
- Edema: Canje-canje na jiki saboda yawan sha ruwa. Kwayoyin ganye suna kumbura, blisters ko aibobi masu bayyanawa sun bayyana, kuma shuka na iya nuna jinkirin girma ko kuma bayyana maras kyau.
- RoyaƘananan lemu ko launin ruwan kasa a gefen ganye. Ba shi da yawa, amma yana iya rinjayar tarin a cikin ɗanɗano, yanayin yanayi.
Ana iya rikita waɗannan alamun cikin sauƙi tare da ƙarancin ruwa, kunar rana, ko lalacewar sanyi. Saboda haka, lura lokaci-lokaci da ganewar asali na farko shine mabuɗin don kiyaye lafiyar tarin ku.
Kwari na yau da kullun a cikin succulents da cacti
- Aphids: Ƙananan ƙwari kore, baƙi, ko rawaya waɗanda ke shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ƙaramin mai tushe da ganye. Suna samar da wani abu mai danko (ruwan zuma) wanda yana jawo tururuwa kuma yana sauƙaƙe bayyanar baƙar fata naman gwari.
- Cottony mealybug: Ana lura kamar kananan fararen talakawa a gefen ganye, a cikin folds, da kuma wurare masu wuyar isa. Yana ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da sauri ya raunana shuka.
- shuka bug: Ya fi son sassa kusa da substrate da tushen. Kasancewarsa ya bayyana ta Ganyen da ake ci a matakin ƙasa kuma saiwoyin ya kai hari, musamman a kananan harbe.
- Red gizo-gizo da mites: A zahiri ba a iya gani da ido. Ana gano su ta spots yellowish, m cobwebs a kan underside na ganye da kuma m bayyanarSuna yaduwa tare da yanayin zafi da bushewa.
- Nematodes: Microscopic tsutsotsi ba a cikin substrate cewa Suna lalata tushen kuma suna haifar da bushewa ko jinkirin girmaYawancin lokaci suna fitowa a cikin ƙasa mara kyau tare da ragowar kwayoyin halitta.
- Slugs da katantanwa: Sun fi kai hari a waje, suna barin su ramukan ganye da mai tusheSun fi son yanayi mai laushi da inuwa.
Gano da wuri yana da mahimmanci, tun da waÉ—annan kwari suna haifuwa cikin sauri kuma suna iya shafar duka tarin cikin É—an gajeren lokaci.
Yadda ake rigakafin cututtuka da kwari a cikin succulents
- Kula da tsaftar muhalli: Cire busassun ganye ko faÉ—owa, duba cewa tarkace ba ta da tarkace, kuma a tsaftace tukwane.
- Ware wadanda abin ya shafa: Lokacin da ka gano wani shuka mara lafiya ko ya kamu da shi, raba shi da sauran don hana yaduwa.
- Sarrafa zafi da ban ruwa: Ruwa kawai lokacin da substrate ya bushe kuma amfani da takamaiman gaurayawan ga succulents da cacti. Ka guji zubar ruwa kuma amfani da tukwane tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa.
- isashshen iskaKula da isasshiyar iskar iska akai-akai. Idan tsire-tsire suna cikin gida, shaka sararin samaniya akai-akai.
- Duba lokaci-lokaci: Dubi gindin ganyen don kuraje, tabo, ko kasancewar abubuwa masu É—aki ko auduga.
Wadannan mafi kyawun ayyuka suna rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta da kwari, kuma suna ƙara tsawon rai da ƙarfin tsiron ku.
MabuÉ—in alamun don gano matsaloli a cikin succulents
- Mai laushi ko ruɓaɓɓen tushe
- Asarar koren launi, busassun ganye ko babu komai
- Ganyayyaki masu launin rawaya, ko launin ruwan kasa
- Wuce kirfa ko wilting
- Jinkiri ko maras kyau girma
- Bayyanar kasancewar kwari: mealybugs, aphids ko wasu kwari
- Bayyanar gizo-gizo gizo-gizo ko sirruka masu mannewa
Wadannan alamu za su ba ku damar da sauri bincikar yiwuwar cuta ko kamuwa da cuta kuma a dauki matakan da suka dace da wuri-wuri.
Jiyya da magunguna don cututtuka da kwari a cikin succulents
Fungal da cututtuka na kwayan cuta:
- Cire sassan da abin ya shafa: A yi amfani da almakashi ko wukake da aka haÉ—e don cire ganyen da suka lalace.
- Bari raunuka su bushe: Sanya shukar a cikin busasshiyar wuri mai isasshen iska don warkewa kafin sake dasa.
- Aiwatar da takamaiman fungicides: A lokuta na fungi irin su Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Botrytis, ko mildew, yi amfani da samfuran kasuwanci bin umarnin masana'anta. A madadin, zaka iya amfani da magungunan halitta kamar diluted hydrogen peroxide (1 part 3% hydrogen peroxide zuwa 2 sassa ruwa).
- Canza substrate: Koyaushe a dasa succulent zuwa sabon, busasshe kuma mai wadataccen iska.
Kula da kwaro:
- Duniya diatomaceous micronizedYana da tasiri akan mealybugs, aphids, da sauran kwari. Yayyafa ko tsoma cikin ruwa kuma a fesa shukar, mai da hankali kan wuraren da abin ya shafa.
- Isopropyl barasa: Ana tsoma shi cikin ruwa, ana shafa shi da kwalbar feshi ko auduga a kan kwari, yana kashe mafi yawan succulents cikin sauri ba tare da lalata su ba.
- Neem mai: Yana da maganin kwari na halitta wanda kuma yana aiki akan fungi. Mix 'yan digo a cikin ruwa kuma a fesa shuka. Gwada ƙaramin yanki kafin kula da shuka gaba ɗaya.
- Tsabtatawa na hannu: Yi amfani da rigar datti ko ruwa mai laushi don cire kwari da ke gani.
- Magungunan kwari na kasuwanciIdan cutar ta yi tsanani, tuntuɓi ƙwararru a wurin gandun daji don zaɓar samfur mai aminci da inganci.
Don katantanwa da slugs: Cire da hannu, yi amfani da tarkuna (kamar masu shan giya), kuma kiyaye wurin a bushe kuma ba shi da tarkacen shuka.
Nasiha mai mahimmanci don kiyaye succulents lafiya
- Koyaushe yi amfani da ƙayyadaddun kayan maye don maye gurbin, tare da abubuwa kamar su perlite, yashi mara nauyi ko tsakuwa. wanda ke sauƙaƙe magudanar ruwa.
- Kula da jadawalin shayarwa wanda ya dace da yanayi; ruwa ƙasa a cikin hunturu da ƙari a lokacin zafi, amma kawai lokacin da substrate ya bushe.
- Kada a jika ganye lokacin shayarwa kuma a guji fesa kai tsaye.
- Kashe kayan aikin kafin pruning ko dasawa don hana yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Samar da shuke-shuke da isasshen haske, guje wa wuce gona da iri na hasken rana kai tsaye akan nau'ikan m.
Wasu sun kula da succulents sosai Ba wai kawai sun fi kyau ba, amma kuma sun fi tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari. Rigakafi da lura sune manyan abokan ku.
Kodayake succulents da cacti an san su da ban mamaki juriya da daidaitawa, za a iya cutar da shi sosai idan yanayin girma ba shi da kyau ko kuma idan an yi watsi da maganin rigakafi daga kwari da cututtuka. Ƙara koyo game da Haworthia da yadda ake kula da su don hana matsaloli.
