Austrocylindropuntia subulata Kula: Jagora ga Cactus mai ban sha'awa

La Austrocylindropuntia subulataAustrocylindropuntia subulata, wanda aka fi sani da "Filin Hauwa'u" ko "ƙaya ta Hauwa'u," yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi juriya da ban mamaki nau'in nau'in cactus da ke samuwa ga masu sha'awar aikin lambu da masu tarawa. Idan kun kasance mai sha'awar tsire-tsire masu sauƙi ko neman samfurin da zai iya rayuwa a cikin mummunan yanayi, wannan cactus na Kudancin Amirka yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka saboda dacewa da kyawunsa. Kuna so ku san yadda ake kula da Austrocylindropuntia subulata da kyau da kuma tabbatar da cewa yana fure kuma yana girma cikin koshin lafiya na shekaru masu yawa? A cikin layi masu zuwa, zaku sami cikakken jagorar dalla-dalla wanda ke haɗa mafi kyawun ayyuka da duk bayanan da suka dace akan kulawa, halaye, yuwuwar kwari, haifuwa, da kuma abubuwan ban sha'awa game da wannan nau'in. Gano yadda ake zama ƙwararren mai shuka "Filin Hauwa'u."

Halayen Botanical na Austrocylindropuntia subulata

La Austrocylindropuntia subulata Kactus ne na iyali cacti 'Yan asali zuwa yankunan Andean na Peru, Ecuador, da sassan arewacin Argentina. Wani nau'i ne mai girma a tsaye wanda zai iya kaiwa tsayi har zuwa mita 4 a cikin mazauninsa na halitta, ko da yake a cikin noman gida yawanci yana tsakanin mita 2 zuwa 3 idan an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa, kuma kimanin mita 1 a cikin tukunya.

An halin ta tasowa cylindrical, rassan rassan da elongated mai tushe wanda zai iya kaiwa tsawon santimita 50. Sassan suna da zurfin kore, tare da diamita wanda zai iya bambanta tsakanin 2 zuwa 5 santimita dangane da shekarun shuka. Tare da waɗannan masu tushe suna bayyana areola located yafi a cikin babba part, daga abin da suke fitowa kauri mai kauri da allura-kamar, tsayin kusan santimita 4 zuwa 7. Waɗannan kashin baya na iya samun farar fata, launin toka, ko ma sautunan launin ruwan ruwan ja idan sun girma.

Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na Austrocylindropuntia subulata shine kasancewar ganye na gaskiya a cikin samari samfurori. Waɗannan ganyayen ƙanana ne, masu nama, siffa-subulate—saboda haka sunansu—ana auna santimita 1 zuwa 2 kuma an jera su a madadin su. Su ne ephemeral, kamar yadda suke ayan raguwa da faduwa a kan lokaci yayin da shuka ya girma.

A lokacin da ya dace, yana haifar da ban mamaki zurfin ja ko furanni ruwan hoda, wanda ke bayyana a tukwici na sassan a lokacin watanni masu zafi. Furanni na iya isa 6 zuwa 7 santimita tsayi kuma, da zarar pollinated, haifar da itace, bushe, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, an rufe su da ƙaya, maras ci kuma tare da duhu iri.

Game da guba, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan nau'in ba mai guba ba ne ga mutane ko dabbobin gida, kodayake spines na iya haifar da haushi yayin haɗuwa.

Madaidaicin wuri, haske da yanayi

Don haka ku Austrocylindropuntia subulata duba lafiya da girma da ƙarfi, ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai haske da ranaWannan nau'in yana buƙatar fallasa zuwa ga cikakken rana don akalla 6-8 hours a rana, don haka lambun, filin da ke fuskantar kudu, ko baranda mai haske zai zama wurare masu kyau. Idan ka yanke shawarar shuka shi a cikin gida, ya kamata ya kasance kusa da taga mai haske sosai, zai fi dacewa kuma yana fuskantar kudu, kodayake da wuya ya yi fure a cikin gida saboda rashin isasshen hasken rana.

A cikin 'yan kwanaki na farko bayan sayan, kuma musamman idan an ajiye shuka a cikin gandun daji inda haske ya yi karanci, yana da mahimmanci. a hankali ta saba da hasken rana kai tsayeCanjin kwatsam zai iya ƙone mai tushe; fara da sanya shi a cikin inuwa na tsawon sa'o'i kadan a rana kuma a hankali yana ƙara lokacin bayyanar har sai ya iya jurewa ci gaba da cikakken rana.

Ka guje wa ƙaura akai-akai, saboda damuwa na motsi zai iya haifar da rauni, rashin furanni, ko ma sanya shi kamuwa da kwari.

A cikin yankuna masu sanyi inda sanyi ya zama ruwan dare, idan yana cikin tukunya ya kamata Kare shi a cikin greenhouse, ciki mai haske, ko kusa da gilashi, tabbatar da cewa kun ci gaba da karɓar matsakaicin yuwuwar tsabta.

Yanayin zafi da haƙuri sanyi

Sabanin abin da aka yi imani game da yawancin cacti, da Austrocylindropuntia subulata Yana nuna juriya mai ban mamaki ga zafi da sanyi, daidai da asalin Andean na babban bambance-bambancen thermal. Yana jure yanayin zafi sama da 35 ° C ba tare da matsala ba, amma kuma Yana jure sanyi sanyi zuwa -4ºC idan substrate ya bushe kuma bayyanar sanyi yana kan lokaci.

Idan yanayin sanyi a yankinku akai-akai yana raguwa ƙasa da 0 ° C, yana da kyau a kare shuka kuma a rage yawan ruwa. Tsayawa wurin bushewa a cikin watanni mafi sanyi shine mabuɗin don guje wa lalacewar sanyi.

A cikin yanayin zafi ko Rum, ana iya shuka shi a waje duk shekara. A cikin wurare masu zafi ko bushewa sosai, zai yi girma ko da sauri idan aka ba shi cikakken rana.

Mafi kyawun substrate da nau'in ƙasa

La Austrocylindropuntia subulata yana buƙatar ƙasa da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa da ƙarancin danshiRuwan da ya wuce gona da iri zai iya saurin rube tushen tushen, don haka dole ne substrate ya zama mai laushi. Don zurfin fahimtar nau'ikan ƙasa mai kyau, duba jagorar mu akan nau'ikan cacti na cikin gida.

• Idan ka shuka shi kai tsaye a cikin lambun, Tabbatar da ƙasa ba m ko yumbu. Da kyau, haɗa ƙasa gida da m yashi da / ko lu'u-lu'u a cikin rabo 50:50 don tabbatar da isasshen magudanar ruwa. Hakanan za'a iya haɗa Layer Layer na tsakuwa.
• En tukunyar filawa, Yi amfani da takamaiman yanki don cacti da succulents, ko shirya cakuda 50% duniya substrate, 30% m yashi kogin da 20% perlite ko pumice dutseSanya duwatsu a gindin tukunyar don inganta magudanar ruwa da hana yiwuwar zubar ruwa.

Kada ka bari shuka ta kasance cikin ruwa bayan an shayar da ita. Har ila yau, rufe saman tare da bakin ciki na tsakuwa ba kawai kayan ado ba ne, amma kuma yana taimakawa wajen kawar da ruwa mai yawa kuma yana hana naman gwari a gindi.

Yadda ake shayar da Austrocylindropuntia subulata

El ban ruwa Yana daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ake bukata don ci gaba Austrocylindropuntia subulata kulaKamar kowane kaktus mai kyau, yana jure wa dogon lokaci na fari, kuma yawan ruwa yana da haɗari fiye da rashinsa. Aiwatar da waɗannan jagororin:

• Lokacin bazara da lokacin zafi: Ruwa kawai lokacin da substrate ya bushe gaba ɗaya don taɓawa. A al'ada, Sau 1 ko 2 a mako mafi yawaIdan lokacin rani ya bushe musamman kuma zafi, zaku iya lura da mai tushe don ganin ko suna buƙatar hydration.
• Lokacin hunturu da sanyi: Rage shayarwa zuwa sau ɗaya kowane mako 3 ko 4 ko ma dakatar da shayarwa gaba ɗaya idan shukar ta kwanta kuma yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa. Kada a taɓa ruwa idan akwai damar sanyi.

Alamar rashin ruwa a cikin wannan cactus shine wrinkling na mai tusheIdan kun lura da wannan alamar, zaku iya nutsar da tukunyar a cikin kwandon ruwa na rabin sa'a, ko kuma ku shayar da shi sosai idan yana cikin ƙasa. Koyaushe bar shi ya zube gaba ɗaya.

Akasin haka, idan kun lura da laushi, baƙar fata mai tushe ko wari mara kyau, yana iya zama alamar tushen rotA wannan yanayin, dakatar da shayarwa kuma duba tsarin tushen.

Hadi da taki

Kodayake Austrocylindropuntia subulata yana iya girma a cikin ƙasa mara kyau, a isasshen hadi a bazara da bazara Yana haɓaka haɓakarsa kuma yana ƙarfafa fure. Don ƙarin koyo game da kula da hadi, duba labarin mu akan karkace cactus kula.

• Aiwatar da a ruwa taki ga cacti diluted (tare da mafi girman adadin phosphorus fiye da nitrogen) kusan sau ɗaya a wata daga farkon bazara zuwa ƙarshen lokacin rani.
• Koyaushe bi shawarwarin masana'anta, amma yi amfani da ɗan ƙaramin kashi don guje wa haɓakar gishiri.

Ba lallai ba ne a yi takin lokacin hunturu ko lokacin hutu. Siffa ta musamman ita ce wannan nau'in ba ya buƙatar hadi mai ƙarfi don tsira, amma za ku ga ingantaccen girma da fure idan kun shafa shi daidai.

Pruning da kiyayewa

La Austrocylindropuntia subulata Ba ya buƙatar datsa akai-akai, saboda tsarinsa yana ƙoƙarin girma a cikin tsari da kuma a tsaye. Koyaya, zaku iya datsa mai tushe masu tsayi da yawa ko mara kyau don sarrafa girman ko ba shi siffar kyan gani, musamman idan kun girma a cikin tukunya.

Koyaushe sanya safofin hannu masu kauri da ƙwanƙwasa shears don guje wa rauni daga ƙaya. Mafi kyawun lokacin da za a dasa shi ne a ƙarshen hunturu ko farkon bazara.

Cire tsofaffi ko lalacewa kuma yana rage haɗarin kwari da cututtuka.

Haihuwa da ninkawa

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na asali don Yaduwa Austrocylindropuntia subulata:

1. By kara yankanWannan ita ce hanya mafi sauri kuma mafi sauƙi. Kawai yanke wani yanki mai lafiya, bar shi ya bushe akan takarda mai narkewa ko a cikin inuwa na tsawon kwanaki 7-10 don ba da damar raunin ya warke, sannan a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano ko cactus cactus. Kada ku sha ruwa har sai kun ga sabon girma. Wannan hanya tana tabbatar da seedlings iri ɗaya da shuka na iyaye da saurin rooting, yawanci a cikin 'yan makonni.
2. Ta tsabaƘananan gama gari amma daidai yake da tasiri. Shuka sabo da tsaba a farkon bazara a cikin tire na substrate mai laushi, kiyaye shi ɗan ɗanɗano kuma a cikin wuri mai dumi mai haske. Tsarin germination na iya ɗaukar makonni da yawa. Yana da amfani don samun adadi mafi girma na samfurori, kodayake girma na farko yana da hankali.

Har ila yau, ya zama ruwan dare don yaduwa daga tsattsauran ra'ayi ko faɗuwar mai tushe, kamar yadda shukar ke samar da tushen cikin sauƙi a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mafi kyau da yanayin zafi.

Kwari da cututtuka: yadda ake yin rigakafi da yaki da su

Gaba ɗaya, da Austrocylindropuntia subulata ne musamman resistant zuwa kwari da cututtuka, amma akwai wasu hadura da ya dace a sani don kada a yi mamaki:

• Molluscs (slugs da katantanwa): Jan hankali ga danshi, za su iya ciji cikin m harbe da kuma lalata matasa segments, musamman bayan ruwan sama ko wuce kima watering. Cire su da hannu kuma, idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da shingen jiki a kusa da shuka.
• Mealybugs da aphids: Musamman a wuraren da ba su da iska sosai ko kuma masu ɗanɗano sosai, ƙananan ƙananan ƙwari na iya bayyana a gefen gabas ko hammata. Bi da a sabulun kwari ko ya shafi man neem don cire su.
• Tushen rot: Wannan ita ce matsala mafi tsanani kuma yawanci saboda rashin magudanar ruwa ko yawan shayarwa. Alamun sun haɗa da mai tushe mai laushi ko baki da wari mara daɗi. Cire shukar, cire tushen ruɓaɓɓen, a sake juye a bushe, ƙasa mai iska, rage yawan shayarwa.

Sarrafa samun iska da kuma kiyaye substrate bushe tsakanin waterings don kauce wa cututtukan fungal. Matsaloli tare da raunin girma, mai launin launi, ko rashin fure yawanci suna da alaƙa da rashin hasken rana, ba cututtuka ba.

Ornamental amfani da curiosities

La Austrocylindropuntia subulata Ya zama tsire-tsire mai daraja sosai a cikin shimfidar wuri na xerophytic da lambunan ƙarancin kulawa. Ana amfani da shi duka a matsayin a samfurin da aka keɓe a cikin lambunan dutsen, da kuma cikin ƙungiyoyi don samar da shinge na kariya na halitta saboda ƙayyadaddun ganye da ƙaya. Yana da manufa domin xeriscape, gangara, terraces da tarin cactus, suna ba da kyan gani mai ban mamaki saboda siffar mai tushe da launin furen su.