Agave: Mahimmanci mai mahimmanci ga xeriscapes da yanayi mara kyau
Agave yana ɗaya daga cikin tsire-tsire da aka fi ba da shawarar a cikin aikin lambu don wuraren da ke da ƙarancin ruwa da yanayin zafi.Ƙwararrun kayan adonsu da ikon daidaitawa zuwa matsanancin yanayi ya sa su zama kyakkyawan ƙari ga lambunan zamani masu dorewa, kamar xeriscapes. Tun daga farkon farkon su, waɗannan tsire-tsire suna ƙara taɓawa mai sassaka da ban mamaki ga kewayen su, suna girma cikin sauri kuma suna haɓaka cikin sauƙi. Ƙananan farashin saye da sauƙin kulawa yana sa su zama masu shahara a tsakanin magoya baya da masu tarawa.
Halayen Botanical da daidaitawar Agave
Agave na dangin Agavaceae ne kuma asalinsa ne na Mexico., ko da yake ana iya samun wasu nau'ikan a Kudancin Amurka, Amurka ta Tsakiya, Kudancin Amurka kuma sun zama 'yan adam a yankuna masu bushe da bushewa a duniya. Ana kimanta shuka don ikonsa na adana ruwa a cikin ganye, mai tushe ko saiwoyinsa, wanda ke ba shi damar jure wa dogon lokaci na fari. Ganyen sa, wanda aka jera su cikin ƴaƴan rosettes, suna da kauri, masu ɗanɗano, kuma gabaɗaya suna ƙarewa a cikin kaifi mai kaifi tare da gefuna a yawancin nau'ikan. Wasu nau'ikan, irin su Agave attenuata, suna da ganye maras kashin baya, wanda ya sa su dace da lambuna na gida ko hanyoyin tafiya.
Agave yana nuna girma mai ban sha'awa: Ita ce tsiron monocarpic, wanda ke nufin cewa yana fure sau ɗaya kawai a rayuwarsa.Bayan samar da inflorescence mai ban sha'awa wanda ya ƙunshi ɗaruruwan furanni (wanda zai iya kaiwa tsayin mita da yawa dangane da nau'in), shuka ya mutu, yana barin tsaba da yawa a kusa da shi. Wannan dabarar ta ba shi damar tsira ko da a cikin mummunan yanayi na muhalli.
Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da shi ga fari sun haɗa da:
- ajiyar ruwa a cikin ganyaye masu ɗanɗano, yana kiyaye ajiyar ruwa a lokacin bushewa.
- Tushen zurfafa da fa'ida don kama danshi a cikin ƙananan yadudduka na ƙasa.
- Rage gumi: A cikin matsanancin lokaci, ganyen na iya murɗawa kaɗan don rage asarar ruwa.
Babban nau'in Agave: Daban-daban da Amfani
Akwai nau'ikan Agave da yawa, kowanne yana da halayensa na musamman. A ƙasa akwai wasu nau'ikan wakilai da aka fi amfani da su a cikin aikin lambu da noma mai dorewa:
Agave na Amurka
Matsakaicin nau'ikan nau'ikan, sun kai tsayin mita 2 a tsayi da diamita 3Ganyensa na iya zama shuɗi, launin toka, ko ma bambance-bambance, kuma suna da ƙaƙƙarfan kashin baya a gefuna da koli. Ana amfani da shi sosai don samar da abubuwan sha na mezcal da barasa, amma kuma ya yi fice a cikin manyan lambuna da wuraren shakatawa a matsayin keɓaɓɓen samfurin godiya ga kamanninsa na sassaka.
Agave attenuata
Wanda aka sani da "foxtail agave", Ganyensa santsi ne, marasa ƙaya, kuma suna da siffa mai kyan gani., kuma yana iya kaiwa tsayin mita 1,5. Yana da kyau ga lambunan birane da na iyali, inda aminci shine fifiko, kuma don ƙirar zamani godiya ga laushi, bayyanar zamani.
Macroacantha agave
Ya yi fice ga kunkuntarsa, dogayensa, ganyaye-kore-kore tare da fitaccen kashin bayanta baki. Wani nau'in kayan ado ne kuma yana da ƙima sosai a cikin tarin succulent. don keɓantacce da matsananciyar juriya ga fari.
Agave victoriae-reginae
Wanda aka fi sani da "Sarauniya agave", Yana mamakin girman girmansa (yawanci baya wuce 30 cm tsayi) da ganyen sa mai kauri, koren duhu mai kauri da fitattun layukan fari. Gem ne na tukwane da lambunan dutse.
Sauran sanannun nau'ikan
- Agave tequilana (blue agave): Babban a cikin samar da tequila da agave syrup, tare da elongated blue-kore ganye da babban ci gaba.
- Agave sisalana (sisal): Ana noma shi musamman don samun filaye na halitta.
- Agave parry: Karamin siffar kuma tare da ganye masu launin toka, ana yaba shi a aikin lambu don jure sanyi da fari.
- Agave havardiana: Mai ƙarfi, mafi kyau ga yankuna masu bushe da bushewa, yana jure yanayin zafi sosai kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin lambuna da kwantena.
Bukatu da shawarwari don kula da Agave
Agave shuka ce mai ƙarancin kulawa, mai kyau ga waɗanda ke neman lambun mai dorewa da sauƙi.. Duk da haka, don tabbatar da ci gaba mai kyau da kuma tsawon rai, yana da kyau a yi la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan:
Yanayi
Ya kamata a sanya shi cikin cikakkiyar ranaAƙalla na sa'o'i shida na hasken rana kai tsaye a kowace rana yana tabbatar da ƙaƙƙarfan ganye, launuka masu haske, da girma mai ƙarfi. Wasu hybrids da jinsuna na iya jure wa wasu inuwa, amma haske mai haske ya fi dacewa a mafi yawan lokuta.
Nau'in ƙasa
Ya fi son ƙasa mai ruwa sosai, yashi ko gravelly a cikin rubutu, tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan alkaline (pH a kusa da 7). A cikin ƙasa mai nauyi ko waɗanda ke da wuyar haɗawa, yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka magudanar ruwa ta hanyar ƙara perlite, yashi mara kyau, ko duwatsu masu aman wuta, ko ta hanyar dasa shuki a kan tuddai masu tasowa. Amfani musamman substrate ga succulents a cikin masu shuka ko tukwane shine ingantaccen bayani don hana tarin danshi.
Watse
Ya yi fice saboda tsananin juriyar fari.Da zarar an kafa, Agave yana buƙatar kusan babu ƙarin ruwa. A lokacin farkon kakar bayan dasa shuki, ruwa sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a mako, koyaushe yana barin substrate ya bushe tsakanin waterings. Bayan haka, ana iya raba ruwa zuwa sau ɗaya kowane mako biyu ko uku a lokacin rani kuma a rage shi zuwa mafi ƙarancin lokacin hunturu. Ruwa fiye da kima shine babban abin da ke haifar da matsaloli kamar rubewar tushen..
Mai Talla
Ba lallai ba ne a yi takin akai-akai. Duk da haka, don ƙarfafa girma, ana bada shawara don samarwa daidaitaccen taki don cacti ko succulents A farkon bazara kuma sosai moderately a lokacin rani. Tsire-tsire na manya ba sa buƙatar shi, saboda yawan abubuwan gina jiki na iya haɓaka haɓakar rashin daidaituwa da raunana tsarin ganye.
Lokacin shuka
An fi son dasa Agave a ciki primavera, lokacin da yanayin zafi ya tabbata kuma akwai ƙarancin sanyi. A cikin yanayin zafi, ana iya dasa shuki a farkon kaka.
Yawaita
- By Tsakar Gida: Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauri. Lokacin da harbe na gefe daga uwar shuka suna da girman da ya dace, an raba su a hankali kuma a dasa su a cikin busassun busassun da farko.
- Ta tsabaAna ba da shawarar yin amfani da sabobin tsaba kuma a shuka su a cikin ƙasa mai yashi, ana shafa da kwalban fesa. Germination na iya zama a hankali, amma ita ce hanyar da aka fi so don haɓaka hybrids da sababbin iri.
Hardiness da juriya
Yawancin nau'in Agave suna jure wa sanyi sanyi. (har zuwa -3ºC), kodayake wasu nau'ikan irin su Agave havardiana na iya jure ƙananan yanayin zafi har zuwa -12ºC. Ƙanƙara da zafi mai yawa su ne manyan abokan gaba., don haka yana da kyau a kare su a wuraren da ke da haɗari ga waɗannan abubuwan.
Sarrafa Agave a cikin tukwane: An Ba da shawarar?
Yayin da Agave za a iya girma a cikin tukwane na shekaru da yawa, musamman nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) kamar Agave victoriae-reginae ko Agave parry. Manyan iri za su ƙare suna buƙatar ƙarin sarariRashin sarari na iya shafar girma da lafiya, don haka ana ba da shawarar dasa shuki kai tsaye cikin ƙasa lokacin da shuka ya buƙaci ta.
Don ajiye Agave a cikin tukunya yana da mahimmanci:
- Zabi tukunya mai magudanar ruwa mai kyau da isasshen sarari don ci gaban tushen.
- Yi amfani da substrate na musamman don succulents ko Mix ƙasa na duniya tare da 30-50% perlite / tsakuwa.
- Sanya tukunya a cikin cikakkiyar rana kuma a guji wurare masu inuwa.
- Ruwa kawai lokacin da substrate ya bushe gaba ɗaya..
- Biya a matsakaici a cikin bazara-rani ta yin amfani da takin mai magani na musamman don cacti.
- Sabunta tukunyar kowace shekara 2 don hana tushen clumping da rashin gina jiki.
Amfanin Agave akan sauran abubuwan da ke jure fari
Idan aka kwatanta da sauran shahararrun succulents kamar Sedum, Echeveria, Crassula ko Aloe, Agave ya yi fice don ƙaƙƙarfansa, tsawon rai da tasirin gani na musammanZai iya rayuwa tare da ƙasa da 330 mm na ruwa a kowace shekara, yana mai da shi ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙananan lambuna na ban ruwa, rockeries, da manyan shirye-shiryen xerophytic. Bugu da ƙari, haɓakarsa da ƙarancin bukatun kulawa sun sa ya dace don masu fara lambun lambu, ayyukan shimfidar wuri mai ɗorewa, da lambuna a tsaye a cikin ɓangarorin da ba su da ruwa ko ruwa.
Cututtuka da kwari na Agave: Yadda ake Hana da Magance Matsalolin Jama'a
Agave yana da matukar juriya ga kwari da cututtuka, amma ba a keɓe shi daga wasu haɗari, musamman ma lokacin da aka sami danshi mai yawa ko ƙasa mara kyau. Manyan barazanar sune:
- tushen rot: Yawan ruwa yakan faru ko rashin isasshen magudanar ruwa. Babban alamar shine launin rawaya da laushi na ganyen basal. Magani: Rage shayarwa, inganta magudanar ruwa, da cire wuraren da suka lalace.
- Anthracnose: Cutar fungal da ke haifar da duhu a ganye, yawanci a cikin yanayi mai ɗanɗano. Ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar cire ganyen da aka shafa da kuma amfani da takamaiman fungicides.
- Cottony mealybug: Kwaro da ke haifar da farar tabo akan folds na ganye. Ana cire shi cikin sauƙi tare da swab mai cike da barasa ko kuma ta hanyar amfani da sabulun potassium.
- Black agave weevil: Kwari ne mai ban sha'awa wanda zai iya lalata tushen tsakiya. Rigakafi, dubawa akai-akai, da kiyaye shukar lafiya sune mabuɗin don guje wa hare-hare.
Amfanin Agave: Daga aikin lambu zuwa abinci da masana'antu
Amfani da kayan ado
Agave yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙawata lambunan ban ruwa mai ƙarancin ruwa, patios, terraces da lambuna na tsaye.Sigar gine-ginensa da juriyar yanayinsa sun sa ta zama wurin zama a cikin rockeries, iyakoki, da wuraren jama'a. Yana da manufa don haɗawa da tsakuwa, dutse, da sauran succulents a cikin ban mamaki, abubuwan ƙira na zamani.
Amfanin dafuwa da na gargajiya
- Abubuwan sha masu haƙori: Blue agave (Agave tequilana) shine babban sinadari a cikin samar da tequila da mezcal, duka samfuran al'adun Mexico.
- Agave syrupAna fitar da shi daga ruwan 'ya'yan itace na wasu nau'ikan (musamman Agave tequilana) kuma ana amfani dashi azaman zaki na halitta. Yana da daraja don ƙarancin glycemic index da dandano mai tsaka tsaki, kodayake ya kamata a cinye shi cikin matsakaici.
- Amfani da mai tushe da furanniA cikin kayan abinci na gargajiya, ana ci tushen furen da tushen ganye sabo ne, gasassu, ko dafa shi. Agave zuma kuma samfuri ne na yau da kullun a wasu yankuna.
Amfani da masana'antu
- Samun zaruruwa: Nau'i irin su agave sisalana Ana shuka su don samar da filaye masu ƙarfi (sisal), ana amfani da su a cikin igiyoyi, kafet, yadudduka da sauransu.
- Abubuwan da za a iya lalata suAna amfani da zaruruwan Agave da sharar gida don kera na'urorin halitta, takardan muhalli, da sauran samfuran dorewa.
Agave a cikin xeriscaping da lambuna na tsaye
A cikin ayyukan xeriscaping da aikin lambu a tsaye, Agave yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun zaɓin godiya ga ƙarancin amfani da ruwa, juriya na zafi da sauƙin kulawa.Ya dace da sauran abubuwan maye irin su Sedum, Echeveria, ko Kalanchoe, yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar lambuna masu ɗorewa, ɗorewa, da yanayin yanayi a cikin yanayi mara kyau da yankunan birni.
Shawarwarin ƙira da kulawa don lambunan bushes
- Sanya Agave a matsayin cibiyar tsakiya ko a hade tare da tsakuwa, dutsen volcanic da sauran abubuwan maye.
- Zaɓi nau'in bisa la'akari da sararin samaniya da yanayin gida.
- Yi amfani da kayan ƙwanƙwasa da tsarin inuwa don haɓaka riƙe ruwa da kare ƙananan tsire-tsire.
- Yi pruning na busassun ganye na lokaci-lokaci da kuma kiyaye yankin daga ciyawa don guje wa kwari.
- Shigar da tsarin ban ruwa drip a cikin manyan lambuna don inganta amfani da ruwa.
Agave ya fi tsire-tsire masu jure fari: ya fito waje a matsayin alamar dorewa, al'ada, da kyau a kowane lambu. Sauƙaƙewar sa yana sa ya zama dole a cikin yanayi mara kyau, yayin da juzu'in sa da ƙarancin kulawa ya sanya shi a matsayin babban jarumi a ƙirar shimfidar wuri na zamani. Zaɓin agave yana nufin zaɓin ƙarin alhakin, kyakkyawa, da aikin lambu mai dorewa.
