Beetroot yana daya daga cikin kayan lambu waɗanda, ban da ba da launi da dandano ga abincinku. za a iya samun sauƙin girma a gida Idan kun san yadda ake yi kuma ku bi wasu matakai na asali. Ko a cikin karamin lambun birni, a kan wani yanki na ƙasa, ko a cikin lambun ku, samun sabo ne kuma m beets Abin alfahari ne ga duk mai son lambu. Ga masu sha'awar farawa da shuka kayan lambu, babu shakka beets ɗaya ne daga cikin mafi lada da zaɓuɓɓuka masu sauƙin sarrafawa.
A cikin wannan cikakken labarin za ku gano Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani don shuka beets, daga mafi kyawun lokuta da yanayi zuwa mahimmancin kulawa, shawarwarin ƙwararru, abokan haɓaka, da kurakurai don gujewa.
Me yasa zabar beets don lambun ku
La gwoza, ilimin kimiyya da aka sani da beta vulgaris, kayan lambu ne iri-iri da suka yi fice wajen sa sauƙi na noma da kuma daidaitawa ga yanayi daban-dabanSiffofinsa, tushensa na jiki, violet mai ban sha'awa ko ja mai zurfi, ba kawai ƙara ɗanɗano da abubuwan gina jiki ba don dafa abinci ba, har ma yana da aminci ga waɗanda ke son shiga aikin noma ba tare da yin nisa ba. Bugu da kari, Za ku yi amfani da duka tushen da ganye, na karshen sosai godiya a Rum da na kasa da kasa girke-girke.
Asalin da nau'in beetroot
Asalin beetroot ya koma zuwa ga teku chard (Maritime Beta), wanda aka noma fiye da shekaru 4.000 da suka wuce a Arewacin Afirka. Dukansu beets na zamani da chard sun samo asali ne daga wannan shuka, kodayake tsawon ƙarni kawai ana cinye ganyen. A yau, tushen shine ainihin tauraro, kuma akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan iri ne ja gwoza Mafi shahara a cikin lambuna da dakunan girki, tare da samfurori a cikin siffofi masu sassauƙa, elongated ko lebur.
Daga cikin nau'ikan da aka fi nomawa akwai: Detroit, wanda aka sani da rusticity da zagaye siffar, da kuma Misira Chata, Lallashi da taushin dandano. Har ila yau, akwai ruwan hoda, orange, har ma da beets masu launin ruwan kasa, wanda ya dace da masu neman lambun bambancin da launi.
Lokacin dasa beets: maɓalli na lokaci don nasara
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ake bukata don samun lafiyar beets shine lokacin shuka. Beetroot Ana iya shuka shi kusan duk shekara zagaye, ko da yake yana da kyau don kauce wa watanni mafi zafi na lokacin rani, tun da yanayin zafi mai zafi zai iya rinjayar ci gaba da dandano na tushen. mafi kyawun watanni don shuka ya marigayi bazara, kaka da farkon bazara, yin amfani da yanayin yanayi mai zafi da ɗanɗano wanda ke son germination da kauri daga cikin tushen.
A cikin yankuna masu zafi, ana iya fara shuka a ciki kiyaye tsaba daga Fabrairu ko Maris, sa'an nan kuma motsa tsire-tsire a waje a cikin Afrilu. A cikin yankuna masu zafi, jinkirta wannan har sai haɗarin sanyi ya wuce. Beetroot Yana jure yanayin zafi tsakanin 10ºC da 24ºC da kyau., yana iya jure wa zafi da sanyi lokaci-lokaci, yana mai da shi amintaccen fare ga yankuna da yawa.
Shirye-shiryen iri da nau'in shuka
Kafin shuka, yana da kyau jiƙa da tsaba yayin da kuke shirya ƙasa. Wannan karimcin mai sauƙi accelerates germination kuma yana tabbatar da ƙimar nasara mafi girma, yayin da tsire-tsire ke fitowa da sauri kuma mafi daidaituwa, yawanci a cikin kwanaki 10-15.
Beetroot kusan ana shuka shi a ciki kai tsaye a kasa ko a gadoTa wannan hanyar, tushen ya inganta da kyau kuma ana guje wa nakasa. Idan kun yanke shawarar yin shimfidar iri, yi amfani da madaidaicin sassauƙa don yana da sauƙin rarraba ƙananan tsire-tsire daga baya. A guji dasawa kwatsam saboda tushen yana da laushi kuma duk wani lalacewa zai iya zama tsada ga girbi na gaba.
Yadda za a dasa beets: mataki-mataki
Don yin shuka kai tsaye:
- Shirya furrows game da zurfin 2 cm. Kada ku sanya su zurfi sosai don kada ku hana germination.
- Sanya tsaba (glomeruli) 20 cm baya da junaKowane glomerulus ya ƙunshi 2 zuwa 4 iri na gaskiya, don haka kuna buƙatar fitar da su daga baya don barin shuka ɗaya kawai a kowane dunƙule.
- Tsaya 30-40 cm tsakanin layuka don samar da sararin samaniya don tsire-tsire da sauƙaƙe damar yin amfani da ruwa da sarrafa ciyawa.
- Rufe ƙasa mai kyau kuma danna sauƙaƙa. don tabbatar da hulɗar danshi da riƙewa.
Ƙasa da taki: makullin don kammala beets
Beetroot, kasancewa tushen amfanin gona, yana buƙatar ƙasa mai laushi, mai laushi da zurfi ta yadda tushen ya yi girma ba tare da ya zama nakasa ba ko kuma ya gamu da cikas. Ba a ba da shawarar ƙasa mai nauyi, mai nauyi, ko taƙaice ba, saboda suna hana ci gaban tushen kuma yana iya haifar da nakasu ko rashin girbi.
Dole ne falon ya kasance abinci mai kyau, musamman a cikin potassium da kwayoyin halittaDon wadatar da shi, zaku iya haɗuwa tsutsotsi humus da itace tokaKuna iya har ma shirya a ruwa potassium taki Na gida: a tafasa bawon ayaba, a tsoma ruwan da aka samu, sannan a shayar da tsire-tsire da shi don karfafa kauri mai kyau.
Bayyanar rana da buƙatun haske
Gwoza ya fi son ya kasance cikin cikakken rana, amma yana jurewa da kyau rabin inuwaIdan gonar ku ko gonar ku tana da wuraren da ke samun ƙarancin haske kai tsaye, kuna iya amfani da su don wannan amfanin gona. Koyaya, bayyanar da ta dace tana taimakawa tushen haɓaka mafi kyau kuma ganye suna girma da ƙarfi.
Watering beets: mita da tukwici
Daya daga cikin mafi m al'amurran ne da sarrafa ruwa. Beetroot yana buƙatar a ƙasa mai ɗanɗano amma ba ruwa. Ban ruwa ya kamata akai-akai kuma matsakaici, daidaita adadin bisa ga kakar: karin ruwa a cikin watanni masu zafi da ƙasa da lokacin damina ko sanyi.
El wuce haddi na ruwa zai iya rube tushen, yayin da a kasawa ko bushewar kasa na iya sa gwoza ya fashe ko kuma ya daina girma. Koyaushe kokarin kiyaye a m zafi, guje wa matsanancin yanayi. Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, zaku iya sake duba sashin mu akan Yadda ake kula da ban ruwa a cikin lambunan birane.
Thinning da sarrafa matasa shuke-shuke
Tun da yawancin tsire-tsire suna fitowa kusa da juna daga kowane glomerulus, yana da mahimmanci a yi a sharewa Idan tsayin su ya kai santimita kaɗan, a dasa su a cikin ƙananan tukwane. Zaɓi tsire-tsire mafi ƙarfi daga kowane rukuni kuma yanke sauran tare da almakashi, tabbatar da ingantaccen tushen ci gaba ba tare da gasa ba. Idan kun yi amfani da shimfidar iri, a hankali ku ware tsire-tsire don guje wa lalata tushen.
Ƙungiyoyin amfanin gona: abokan gaba da abokan gaba na gwoza
Beetroot yana da kyau tare da kayan lambu mai kyau, wanda ke ba da damar tsarawa ƙungiyoyi masu amfani a cikin lambun ku. Kuna iya girma kusa da shi letas, albasa, kabeji, Peas, cucumbers, leek, tafarnuwa da turnips. Duk da haka, A guji dasa shi kusa da chard da alayyahu, tun da danginsu ɗaya ne kuma suna fafatawa don samun abinci iri ɗaya, wanda zai iya rage girbi.
Kula da ciyawa da kulawa
za a lafiya da albarka na nomaYana da mahimmanci don kiyaye beets babu ciyawa. Kuna iya yin wannan da hannu tare da ɗan ƙaramin spade tsakanin layuka ko ta amfani da wuka don yanke ciyawa da ke girma kusa da tsirran.
A cikin yanayi na matsananciyar ciyawa, zaku iya amfani da magungunan herbicides na zaɓi (koyaushe kore band da mutunta allurai), amma a matsayin maƙasudi na ƙarshe, koyaushe kuna fifita hanyoyin hannu don mutunta muhalli da lafiyar ku.
Mafi yawan kwari da cututtuka
Kamar kowane kayan lambu, beetroot ba a keɓe shi daga wasu maƙiyan halitta. Daga cikin karin kwari tsaya waje:
- Slugs da katantanwa: Yawancin lokaci suna kai hari ga ganyen matasa. Ana iya sarrafa su da tarkon giya.
- ma'adinin ganye (Pegomia sp.): Wannan ƙwarin yana samar da taswira masu haske a cikin ganyayyaki. Magani na halitta mai tasiri shine man neem.
- Tsuntsaye: Suna son ganye masu laushi. Kuna iya amfani da raga ko hanawa don kare tsire-tsire.
Sa ido akai-akai da sa baki da wuri sune mafi kyawun kayan aiki don kiyaye kowace matsala ƙarƙashin iko.
Kulawa na asali yayin girma
Duk cikin ci gaban, yi ƙoƙarin kula da sako-sako da ƙasa mai kyau, sarrafa zafi da kuma kawar da ciyawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba. The padded Yana da kyau a sanya ƙasa a yi sanyi a ajiye ruwa, tare da sa ciyawa ta yi wahala.
Idan kuna son girbi beets sama da watanni da yawa, zaku iya yi shuka iri-iriTa wannan hanyar, zaku sami tsire-tsire a matakai daban-daban na haɓakawa da ci gaba da wadatar dafa abinci.
Girbi beets: lokacin da yadda za a yi
Zagayen gwoza yana fitowa daga wata uku zuwa biyar daga shuka, dangane da iri-iri da yanayin muhalli. Za ku san sun kasance a shirye lokacin da suka kai girma mai kyau (5 zuwa 10 cm a diamita kuma tsakanin 80 da 200 g a nauyi).
Don girbi su, a hankali kama ganye kuma cire shukar sama, cire tushen duka. Idan ƙasa tana da wuya, za ku iya taimaka wa kanku tare da cokali mai yatsa, koyaushe ku mai da hankali kada ku lalata kayan lambu.
Gastronomic amfani da cikakken amfani
Beetroot ba kawai yana ba da tushen ci ba. Ganyensa masu wadatar sinadirai sun dace da salads, miya kamar borscht, da kayan abinci na gargajiya na duniya. Ana iya jin daɗin tushen danye, dafa shi, har ma da sanya su cikin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, duk waɗannan suna ba da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya.
Kuskuren gama gari don gujewa lokacin girma beets
- Rashin shirya ƙasa da kyau ko sassauta ƙasa sosai.
- Shuka mai zurfi sosai ko mara zurfi.
- Rashin ɓarkewar tsire-tsire matasa yana haifar da ƙanana, gurɓataccen tushen tushen.
- Ban ruwa ko ambaliya ƙasa.
- Shuka tare da sauran amfanin gona daga iyali guda kamar chard da alayyafo.
Girman beets a gida ba kawai motsa jiki mai sauƙi da lada ba ne, amma kuma hanya ce mai kyau don kawo sabo, dadi, da abinci mai kyau a teburin. Ta bin waɗannan shawarwari masu amfani, za ku shirya ƙasa mai kyau don jin daɗin ɗanɗano, tushen ɗanɗano a cikin 'yan watanni kaɗan, yin mafi yawan tushensu da ganye. Makullin shine kula da amfanin gonakin ku, tsammanin matsaloli, kuma ku ji daɗin tsarin koyo tare da kowace kakar.
