La astromelia, kuma aka sani da Alstroemeria ko Lily Peruvian, yana daya daga cikin furanni masu ban mamaki da tarihinsa, launukansa da kuma yadda zai iya cika kowane kusurwa da rayuwa. Bayan kyawunsa, nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i)) kuma yana ba da juriya wanda ba a sani ba a tsakanin furanni na ado. Wataƙila shi ya sa ya zama mahimmanci a cikin bouquets, lambuna, da tukwane.
Duk da kamanninsa mai laushi. Fure ce mai ƙarfi, mai ɗorewa wacce ke da sauƙin kulawa.. Idan kana so ka koyi duk game da alamarta, yadda za a dasa shi, mafi kyawun shawarwarin kulawa, da wasu shawarwari don yin tsayin daka a gida, zauna a hankali kuma ka shiga cikin duk abin da ya kamata ka sani game da wannan shuka mai ban mamaki.
Tarihi, asali da alamar astromelia
La astromelia Ya fito ne daga yankuna masu tsaunuka na Kudancin Amurka, musamman Andes a Chile, Peru da Brazil. Hakanan aka sani da Lily na Incas, Lily na Peru, Lily filin da kuma Lily na Peruvian, wannan tsiron ya bazu zuwa sauran duniya saboda godiya ga masanin ilimin halittar Sweden Clas Alströmer, wanda ya kawo tsaba na farko zuwa Turai a cikin karni na 18. Alstroemeria aurantiaca iri-iri Ya yi fice don sautunansa masu fa'ida a cikin furanni.
A cikin sararin samaniya na fure, ya shahara da ita alamar alama da ke da alaƙa da abota da wadata. Labarin Inca ya nuna cewa wata budurwa mai suna Amancay, don ceton masoyinta marar lafiya, dole ne ta ba da zuciyarta don musanyawa da furen sihiri da ke gadi. Jinin wannan budurwar ya zubo bisa kwaruruka, wanda ya sa taurarin taurari masu haske suka tsiro, wanda ya karfafa ta. ji na soyayya mara sharadi, ibada da zumunci mara yankewa.
A cikin al'adun gargajiya na yau, Dabbobinsa guda shida suna wakiltar halaye masu mahimmanci a cikin abota: girmamawa, fahimta, sadaukarwa, hakuri, tausayawa da ban dariya. Don haka, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan kyauta da ake bayarwa ga abokai na musamman ko 'yan uwa na kusa. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin al'adu da yawa yana wakilta sa'a, farin ciki, lafiya da wadata.
Babban halayen astromelia
Alstroemeria ya yi fice a cikin bouquets da lambuna saboda bayyanarsa na musamman: furanni masu siffar mazurari, tare da manyan palette na launuka-farare, rawaya, lemu, ruwan hoda, lilacs, purples, ja, har ma da gauraye. Kowane kara zai iya ɗauka tsakanin shida da takwas furanni, Yin shi kyakkyawan zaɓi don ƙara ƙara da launi zuwa kowane tsari na fure.
Ganyensa suna da tsayi da kunkuntar, wani lokacin kuma suna da ɗan murɗawa., wanda ke ba shukar ɗanɗano mai ban mamaki kuma mara kyau. Rhizomes dinta - nau'in elongated, tushen jiki - yana sauƙaƙe haɓakawa da kiyaye juriya, kodayake suna buƙatar kulawa da hankali yayin dasawa.
Astromeliads na iya zuwa daga 40 cm zuwa fiye da mita a tsayi, da kuma babban kundinsa na hybrids yana ba ku damar samun nau'ikan ga kowane nau'in sarari: daga ƙananan tukwane zuwa iyakokin lambun, gami da nau'ikan dwarf masu kyau don terraces.
Alstroemeria iri-iri
A halin yanzu akwai fiye da 198 iri ko samfurori na astromelia, sakamakon zaɓi da ketare tsakanin nau'in halitta da nau'in nau'in nau'i. Wasu daga cikin shahararrun su ne:
- Alstroemeria ligtu: furanni a cikin inuwar ruwan hoda, lilac ko orange.
- Alstroemeria aurea ko aurantiaca: yayi fice ga furanninsa rawaya ko lemu.
- Matakan kasuwanci: irin su Gimbiya, Inca, Majestic da Colorita jerin, tare da dogayen, m mai tushe ko launuka masu haske dangane da zaɓin.
Wannan nau'i-nau'i da launuka suna sa alstroemeria ya zama daya daga cikin manyan masu tasiri a cikin furanni, duka biyu kuma tare da wasu furanni masu zagaye (gerberas, carnations, wardi, sunflowers, da dai sauransu).
Flowering da dasa kakar
Furen furanni na alstroemeria Yana faruwa ne musamman a cikin bazara da bazara, ko da yake a cikin yanayin zafi ana iya tsawaita kuma har ma da gabatar da furanni na biyu a cikin kaka. Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka ya dogara da yanayin: a cikin yankuna masu dumi, yana da kyau a yi haka a lokacin bazara; A cikin wurare masu sanyi, yana da kyau a dasa shuki a cikin kaka don guje wa sanyi da wuri.
Dangane da ci gabanta. Yana iya ɗaukar shekaru biyu ko uku don cikar girma da kuma samar da furanni mafi ban sha'awa., amma da zarar an kafa shi, tsire-tsire ne na shekara-shekara wanda zai iya rayuwa shekaru da yawa yana ƙawata lambun ko terrace.
Ma'anar alstroemeria a cikin gida kuma a matsayin kyauta
Bayar da bouquet na alstroemerias ya fi abin nuna kyan gani. Yana isar da buri na abokantaka, arziki, lafiya da alamu masu kyau. Saboda furanninta da kuma almara da ke kewaye da shi, yana da alaƙa da abota mai ɗorewa da aminci, ƙauna marar iyaka.
Baya ga wannan ma'anar. Astromelia alama ce ta yalwa da wadata, sanya shi manufa a matsayin kyauta don lokuta na musamman, ranar haihuwa, godiya, ko ma tare da saƙon tallafi da ƙarfafawa.
Kulawa na asali na alstroemeria: mataki-mataki
Sunansa a matsayin tsire-tsire mai wuya ya cancanci, amma akwai wasu mahimmancin kulawa don tabbatar da cewa ya yi kyau duka a cikin gida (kamar yadda aka yanke furanni ko a cikin tukwane) da waje.
Haske da wuri
Astromelia ya fi son haske kai tsaye mai haske. Yana dacewa da yanayin da ba su da inuwa ko kuma wuraren da yake samun hasken rana mai tacewa, amma a lokacin tsakiyar sa'o'i na yini-musamman a cikin watanni mafi zafi - yana da kyau a kare shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye, saboda wannan yana iya ƙone furanninsa da ganye.
A waje, koyaushe nema wani kusurwa tare da yanayin zafi mai zafi, da iska mai kyau kuma an kare shi daga sanyi. Idan yanayin yana da sanyi sosai, alstroemeria yana godiya da tukunyar da za ku iya ajiyewa a cikin gida a lokacin watanni na hunturu.
Zafin jiki mafi kyau duka
Mafi kyawun yanayin zafi yana tsakanin 15 ºC zuwa 25 ºC. Kodayake shuka zai iya jure wa ƙananan digo har zuwa -2 ºC, ba ya jure wa sanyi sosai. A cikin hunturu, yana da kyau a yi amfani da tushe tare da busassun ganye ko wasu ciyawa don kare tushen idan yana cikin lambun.
A wajen tukwane. Yana da kyau a koyaushe a sanya su a wuraren da aka ba su mafaka daga iska da sanyi, har ma da motsa su cikin gida idan yanayin zafi ya ragu sosai.
Ban ruwa da danshi
Ban ruwa ya kamata ya zama matsakaici kuma na yau da kullum. Ruwan da ya wuce gona da iri yana daya daga cikin manyan hatsarori ga alstroemeria, saboda tushen naman sa yana da saurin rubewa. Manufar ita ce a ci gaba da zama danshi amma ba ruwa. A lokacin bazara da bazara. ruwa kowane kwana biyu ko uku (ko sau biyu a mako), ƙara yawan mitar kawai idan yanayin ya bushe sosai. A cikin hunturu, rage shayarwa zuwa kusan kowane kwanaki 10.
Wani mahimmin bayani don jin daɗin ku shine tabbatar da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa, duka a cikin lambu da a cikin tukwane, don guje wa tara ruwa. Lokacin da ake shakka, yana da kyau koyaushe a ƙarƙashin ruwa fiye da ruwan sama.
Kasa da taki
Astromelia Yana jin daɗin haske, ƙasa mai laushi tare da wadataccen kayan halitta.. Tsarin duniya wanda aka haɗe tare da takin ko peat yana tabbatar da yanayi mara kyau da abinci mai gina jiki.
Ana bada shawarar taki a cikin bazara, zai fi dacewa tare da taki don tsire-tsire masu fure, kuma sake maimaita sau ɗaya zuwa ƙarshen lokacin rani idan kuna son tsawaita fure. Shuka zai amsa da harbe-harbe masu karfi da furanni masu yawa.
Dasa da dasawa
Lokacin girma a cikin tukunya ko dasawa, yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi akwati manyan isa, tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa da peaty substrate. Ya kamata a binne rhizomes game da zurfin 8-10 cm. Idan shuka ya kasance a cikin tukunya ɗaya don shekaru da yawa, yana da kyau dashi duk bayan shekaru uku don sabunta substrate kuma ta da girma.
Pruning da kiyayewa
Yanke furanni masu bushewa da busassun mai tushe yana motsa sabbin furanni kuma yana inganta lafiyar shuka gaba ɗaya. Zai fi dacewa a yi amfani da almakashi mai tsabta kuma a yanke daga tushe na tushe don kauce wa lalata rhizomes. Kada a taɓa ja a kan busasshiyar tushe, saboda wannan zai iya lalata tushen. Yanke kawai abin da ya bushe ko ya lalace kawai ya wadatar don kiyayewa.
Kiyaye alstroemeria azaman fure mai yanke
Alstroemeria yana daya daga cikin furanni masu daraja don bouquets ba kawai don launinsa ba, har ma don ta. m tsawon lokaci. Tare da kulawa mai kyau. zai iya zama sabo don kwanaki 10 zuwa 14.
- Yanke mai tushe diagonally kusan 5 cm kafin a sanya su a cikin gilashin gilashi.
- Yi amfani da ruwa mai dadi koyaushe da kuma ƙara mai maganin fure.
- Canja ruwan kowane kwana biyu kuma sake datsa mai tushe.
- A wanke gilashin akai-akai don guje wa kwayoyin cuta da rubewa.
- Gwada sanya bouquet a ciki wuri mai sanyi ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.
Ƙarƙashin dabara: ƙara ɗigon ɗigo na bleach, sukari, da vinegar a cikin ruwa yana taimakawa tsawanta sabo na bouquet har ma da gaba.
Kwari da cututtuka na kowa
Gaba ɗaya, Alstroemeria yana da matukar juriya ga kwari da cututtuka.. Ba kasafai yake fama da munanan hare-hare ba, amma kwari, katantanwa ko slugs na iya shafar su a wuraren da suke da danshi. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, ya isa a cire su da hannu ko amfani da takamaiman magani mai laushi.
Don hana naman gwari, yana da kyau Sanya iska a wuri da kyau, tsaftace busassun ganye da amfani da magungunan kashe qwari a cikin hunturu ko lokutan zafi mai zafi.
Multiara yawa da haifuwa
Hanya mafi inganci don ninka alstroemeria shine ta rhizome division a cikin bazara ko kaka, ya danganta da yanayin. Hakanan ana iya haifar da su ta tsaba, amma wannan hanyar tana buƙatar ƙarin haƙuri da lokaci har zuwa fure.
Me yasa zabar alstroemerias don gidanku ko lambun ku
Su karko, launuka iri-iri da ma'ana mai kyau yi alstroemeria wani zaɓi na kusan wauta ga waɗanda ke neman fure mai ƙarfi tare da ƙimar alama. Gaskiyar cewa yana girma sosai a lokacin lokacin dumi kuma yana dacewa da sauran nau'in furanni kuma yana ba shi matsakaicin matsakaici.
Ƙari ga haka, sauƙin kulawar sa yana sa ya zama cikakke ga waɗanda suka saba zuwa aikin lambu ko waɗanda ba su da lokaci mai yawa don kula da yau da kullun.
Ga wadanda ke neman furen ado wanda ke kawo launi, farin ciki, da kuma kyakkyawan yanayi ga kewayen su, alstroemeria yana ɗaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan da aka fi dacewa a yau. Kasancewarsu a cikin bouquets ko tukwane yana tabbatar da sabo da yanayin maraba, baya ga taɓawa ta sirri godiya ga ma'anarsu ta musamman.