Idan kun taɓa yin mamakin ainihin abin da ke bambanta cherries daga cherries, ba ku kaɗai ba: kallon farko suna kama da tagwaye, amma a cikin boca kuma a cikin bishiyar suna nuna hali daban.
Bari mu share duk wani ruɗani kuma mu bayyana, a sarari, yadda dandano, amfani, da noman kowane iri suka bambanta. Yi shiri don saduwa da waɗannan dangi na kurkusa-sun kasance dangi ɗaya-kuma gano dalilin da yasa ɗayan yake don kayan zaki ɗayan kuma cikakke ne ga masu shaye-shaye.
Da farko, yana da mahimmanci a san cewa, kodayake duka biyun suna cikin dangin RosaceaeBa jinsin su ba ne. Cherry ya fito daga prunus avium (sweet ceri), yayin da m ceri, kuma ake kira m ceri, ya fito daga Prunus cerasus (ceri). Don kawai suna raba sunan ƙarshe ba yana nufin suna dandana iri ɗaya ba ko kuma ana amfani da su iri ɗaya wajen dafa abinci.
Bambance-bambancen Botanical da morphological
Daga ra'ayi na Botanical, muna magana ne game da nau'i biyu daban-dabanItacen ceri mai dadi (prunus avium) yana samar da 'ya'yan itace masu naman jiki, masu ɓarke da masu sukari; ceri mai tsami (Prunus cerasusYana haifar da ƙarami kuma sanannen drupes acidic. Cherry mai tsami shine mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi da bishiyar daji, da yawa suna la'akari da su mafi tsufa kuma mafi dacewa da yanayi mara kyau.
Cherries yawanci auna tsakanin 13 da 20 mm (har zuwa 2 cm a diamita) kuma da wuya ya wuce 9g, yayin da cherries na kasuwanci ke tsakanin 22 da 30 mmda nauyi daga 9 zuwa 14 g. Bugu da ƙari, ceri yawanci yana da ɗan tsayi mai tsayi. ya fi guntu da ƙananan bakin ciki a koli, fasali masu amfani don bambanta su a kallo.
Hakanan akwai nuances a cikin launi: lokacin da ya girma, cherries ke fitowa daga ja mai zurfi zuwa purple har ma da rawaya a cikin wasu nau'ikan, tare da nama wanda zai iya zama haske ko ja. Cherries masu dadi suna nuna palette mai faɗi ja zuwa kusan baki (kamar wasu amarena masu duhu), tare da nama mai ƙarfi da ɗanɗano.
Flavor da texture: mabuɗin a dafa abinci
Ana jin daɗin cherries masu daɗi kamar yadda suke sukari na halittaIts juiciness da cewa irresistible crispness. A gefe guda, ceri a saman shine acidic (kuma wani lokacin tare da taɓawa mai ɗaci)Wannan ya sa ya zama zakara don jam, cikawa, da miya waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaitawa da sukari.
A cikin yin burodin tanda, ceri ya fita waje saboda acidity Yana jure girki da kyau.A cikin clafoutis-style tarts ko Black Forest cake, yana kula da ɗanɗanon 'ya'yan itace har ma da irin kek. Cherries masu dadi kuma suna aiki, amma idan ba a gyara girke-girke ba (sukari/acids), zai iya ƙarewa kaɗan.
Yaushe ake cinye su kuma yaya ake girbe su?
Yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa ne na rani: yakin yana fitowa daga Mayu zuwa karshen watan Agusta dangane da yanki da iri-iri. Ana fara girbi a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Muhimmanci: duka cherries da cherries masu tsami suna marasa kimaA wasu kalmomi, da zarar an girbe su ba su ci gaba da girma ba, don haka yana da kyau a cinye su nan da nan.
An yanke ceri lokacin da yawancin 'ya'yan itace suka nuna a zurfin ja kuma ana kula da kula da fulawa don hana ta lalacewa. Abin sha'awa, da Cherries (rukunin nau'in ceri mai zaki) ana girbe ba tare da mai tushe ba saboda sun rabu da dabi'a.
Amfanin dafuwa: kayan zaki, jita-jita masu daɗi, da abubuwan sha
Saboda zaƙi da laushi, tebur ceri ya dace da shi ci saboƘara shi zuwa salads tare da cuku (kamar Cabrum), yogurts, ko smoothies. Hakanan yana aiki da kyau a cikin saurin caramelizations, da wuri, clafoutis, da raguwa don jita-jita masu daɗi.
Cherry a saman yana haskakawa jams, compotes, adanawa da kowane irin cikawa. Ya zama ruwan dare a pies (Cherry Pie)a cikin Black Forest ko don kawo rayuwa ga ice creams da sorbets. A cikin abinci mai daɗi, acidity yana ƙaruwa miya don nama (farauta, tsuntsaye) kuma yana bayyana a cikin al'adun Gabas ta Tsakiya da Gabas.
Hakanan akwai wasu amfani na yanki masu ban sha'awa: a cikin Murcia, ana amfani da cherries don ado Kirsimeti Hauwa'u saladsApple tarts tare da Pine kwayoyi da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin syrup kamar abarba ko peach. Kuma a cikin abubuwan sha, ana amfani da cherries a ciki musts, vermouths, ruhohi da kuma classic cocktails.
Idan muna magana ne game da barasa, jerin suna da tsawo: da kirschi Jamus/Alsatiyan, da maraschino na al'adar Dalmatian (marasca) kuma, ba shakka, mashahuri maraschino cherries ko maraschino cherries don cocktails da desserts.
Cherries masu tsami da maraschino cherries: menene bambanci?
A cikin duniyar maraschino barasa, albarkatun kasa guda biyu sun kasance tare: cherries (Prunus cerasus) y cherries mai dadi (Prunus avium)Na farko yawanci ƙanana ne kuma suna da nama mai ƙarfi, tare da bayanin martaba mai daɗi da ɗanɗano sosai; na karshen, ya fi zagaye, yakan yi laushi mai laushi da zakiSaboda haka, ana amfani da su daban-daban dangane da girke-girke ko hadaddiyar giyar.
Cherry maraschino al'ada ce a ciki hadaddiyar giyar (misali, Manhattan) da kuma a cikin kayan da aka yi da ice cream; maraschino cherries suna fitowa a ciki kek, tarts ko cupcakesYi hankali da kalmar "guinda" a cikin Mutanen Espanya: wani lokaci ana amfani da shi don komawa gaba ɗaya zuwa ga candied ko maraschino ceriwanda ba shine kankara ba.
Fitattun iri
Daga cikin m cherries, classic sunayen kamar Montmorency, Morello, Amarena o Balaton Sun kafa ma'auni. Su ne 'ya'yan itatuwa masu tsanani, manufa don ruwan 'ya'yan itace / maida hankalibushewa, adanawa a cikin syrup da liqueurs.
Daga cikin cherries masu dadi (cherries tebur), akwai da yawa burlatt, zomaye, taron, Navalinda da kuma shahararrun wadanda Cherries (Ambrunés, Pico Negro, Pico Limón da Pico Colorado). Picota cherries ana sayar da su ba tare da mai tushe ba kuma ana nuna su ta hanyar crunch da zaƙi.
Akwai kuma wasu sunayen tarihi kamar su Napoleon (crispy, mai haske jan ɓangaren litattafan almara) ko da Black tartar miya (mai duhu da daɗi), ban da zaɓin gida tare da PDO irin su Cherry, sosai godiya a ciki da wajen Spain.
Kwatancen fasalin sauri
Don gane da mafi yawan amfani nuances tsakanin ceri da ceri, yana da taimako a yi la'akari da girma, dandano, laushi, da kuma amfani da nafuwa. Waɗannan bambance-bambance sun bayyana dalilin Ba koyaushe ake musanya su ba a cikin girke-girke.
| Característica | Cherry (Prunus cerasus) | Cherry (Prunus avium) |
| Girman da launi | Karami; daga ruby ja zuwa purple ko rawaya, wani lokacin tare da nama mai launin haske | Ya fi girma; daga ja mai haske zuwa kusan baki, m nama |
| Dandano | Acid kuma wani lokacin zafi; manufa domin counter balances sweets | Mai daɗi da ɗanɗano, tare da yuwuwar ƙarancin acidic. |
| Rubutun rubutu | Mai laushi, yana haɗawa sosai lokacin dafa abinci | Nama da crunchy, kyakkyawan sabo ne |
| Babban amfani | Jams, adanawa, miya na nama, barasa | Ku ci sabo, a cikin salads, ko cikin kayan zaki masu haske |
| Na al'ada iri | Montmorency, Morello, Amarena, Balaton | Burlat, Lapins, Summit, Picottas del Jerte |
| Abun ciki na sukari (°Brix, kimanin) | 11-23 | 16-21 |
| Acidity (melic acid, kimanin) | 0,9-3,5% | 0,7-1% |
Picota da cereza: ba ma'ana ba ne
Yana da kyau a fayyace wani classic: duk picotas cherries neAmma ba duk cherries ne picotas. Itacen ceri na Jerte Ita ce ceri mai daɗi na takamaiman nau'ikan (Ambrunés, Pico Negro, Pico Limón da Pico Colorado) waɗanda aka girbe. ba tare da peduncle ba domin yana fitowa cikin sauki. Dadin sa yana da daɗi musamman kuma irin nau'in sa, crunchy.
Jerte Cherry PDO kuma ya haɗa da ceri ɗaya mai tushe, da Navalindawanda ya zo kasuwa a baya (Mayu). Cherries yawanci suna fitowa daga baya kadan, a ciki juniokuma ana gane su ta wurin tsaftataccen kuma wanda aka warkar da peduncle orifice, ba tare da wani ɗigon ruwan 'ya'yan itace ba.
Noma, yanayi da sarrafa itace
Cherry da bishiyoyi masu tsami suna bunƙasa a cikin ƙasa na tudu da bushewatare da magudanar ruwa mai kyau da yanayin yanayi. Ana iya girbe shi kamar watanni uku bayan flowering, amma dole ne a kula don tabbatar da kwatsam zafin jiki ya canza, wanda ke lalata curd da girbi.
Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara sama 1.200 l/m² Suna kara haɗarin fashewar fata. A cikin filin, an fi dacewa da girbi cherries tare da tushe a haɗe don guje wa lalacewa bayan girbi; a cikin picotas, kara ya kasance a kan bishiyar yayin da yake rabu da ita.
Production a Spain da kuma key yankunan
A Spain, taswirar samarwa tana jagorancin ta Extremadura, wanda ke lissafin kusan 40,2% na girbin ceri da tsami; ana biye da shi Aragón tare da 24,8% (Bayanan Statista, 2017). A Aragon, Calatayud da Valdejalón suna wakiltar kusan kashi 45% na yankin da aka noma.
Wasu kamfanoni a fannin - irin su Lazaya-tare da gonaki a yankin Calatayud - sarrafa sarkar daga filin zuwa marufi na ƙarshe, yana ba da tsari ga ƙwararru: duka ko yankakkentare da ko ba tare da kashi ba, tare da ko ba tare da wutsiya ba, da kuma gabatarwa a cikin gwangwani, gilashi, tubs, buckets ko kwali.
Gabatarwa na kasuwanci da candied
A cikin kasuwa za ku sami cherries da cherries masu tsami a cikin nau'i-nau'i masu yawa tsariSabo, busasshen, candied, sanyi, ko a cikin syrup. Candied suna da amfani sosai don yin ado kek da ice creams, cakulan ko irin kek, ban da amfani da shi a cikin cocktails.
También akwai busassun cherries, madadin mai ban sha'awa don kayan ciye-ciye ko don haɗawa a cikin kek da gurasar burodi, yayin da suke mayar da hankali ga dandano kuma suna tsayayya da yin burodi da kyau.
Kaddarorin gina jiki da fa'idodi
Dukansu cherries da cherries masu tsami suna ba da kayan abinci mai gina jiki, ta yaya ruwa, fiber, bitamin da mahadi antioxidantCherry ya fito waje don anthocyanins da acid phenolic, tare da nazarin kan farfadowa da tsoka ingancin bacci godiya ga melatonin na halitta.
Cherries masu dadi sune tushen bitamin Cpotassium da fiber mai narkewa, tare da tasiri mai kyau akan lafiyar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da kariya daga damuwa na oxidative. Kwayoyin halitta kamar WHO ta ba da shawarar amfani da shi a cikin daidaitaccen abinci bisa ga 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
Mahimman dabi'u don sabo ne cherries (100 g): 50-60 kcal12-14 g na carbohydrates, 2-3 g na fiber, ~ 1 g na gina jiki da kasa da 1 g na mai; tare da ma'adanai irin su potassium, magnesium, calcium da iron, da bitamin C da A a tsakanin wasu.
Shawarwari na lafiya: saboda abun ciki a ciki potassiumMasu ciwon koda ya kamata su daidaita abincin su; kuma, kamar duk 'ya'yan itatuwa masu arzikin fiber, yawan amfani da shi na iya yin tasiri ga masu hankali.
Sayen, adanawa da dafa abinci
Lokacin siye, zaɓi 'ya'yan itatuwa daga m launi da m fataba tare da bruises ko wrinkles. Sabo, kore mai tushe suna nuna girbi na kwanan nan. Mafi kyawun adanawa a cikin firiji ba a wanke ba kuma kada a rufe sosai don ba da damar samun iska; wanke su kafin a ci abinci.
Suna iya jure yanayin sanyi har zuwa sati biyu Idan ingancin farko yana da girma. Don daskarewa, masu launin duhu suna aiki sosai; sai a cire kashi sannan a daskare su a kan tire da farko don kada su dunkule wuri daya, sannan a tura su cikin jakunkuna na firiza.
Batu mai ban sha'awa: da ceri ganye Suna da ƙanshi kuma a wasu ƙasashe ana amfani da su don pickling da marinades. Bugu da ƙari kuma, itacen ceri yana da daraja a ciki yanki na kayan daki kamar shan nama da kifi don kamshinsa.
Tatsuniyoyi na gama gari da rashin fahimta
A wasu wurare, ana amfani da “guinda” azaman ma’ana ga “cherry” ko don komawa zuwa ga ceri candied na kayan zaki. Daga ra'ayi na Botanical, daidai ne a bambanta tsakanin prunus avium (mai dadi) kuma Prunus cerasus (acid). Wani lokaci za ku ga an rubuta "Prunus caesarum”, sigar da ba daidai ba; sunan daidai shine Prunus cerasus.
Wani kuskuren gama gari: tunanin cewa ceri marar tushe shine picota. A zahiri, picota shine ... peduncle guda ɗaya Lokacin da aka ɗauka, ramin yana warkewa kuma yana tsabta; ceri wanda aka cire kara da hannu ba picota na gaske ba ne.
Featured girke-girke da shirye-shirye
Ita ce ceri katin daji a cikin kayan zaki masu sukari: yana daidaita tarts da irin kek. A cikin classic Cake Dajin BaƙinMisali, acidity nasa yana karawa koko. Don miya mai daɗi, rage cherries duhu, jan giya, da taɓa kayan yaji: za ku sami mai haske miya wanda ke da kyau tare da agwagwa ko wasa.
Cherries masu dadi suna da kyau a cikin salads tare da cuku Ko burrata, pistachios, da balsamic vinaigrette. Don zaɓin dumi, zaku iya sauté cherries tare da ɗan man shanu da sukari, flambé tare da brandy, kuma kuyi hidima tare da ice cream na vanilla. Cherries Jubilee.
Cherry clafoutis (na gida da sauƙi sigar)
Sinadaran kayan abinci guda 4: 600 g cherries100g gari, 60g sugar, 60g man shanu, 4 qwai, 200ml madara, 1 tbsp vanilla sugar da tsunkule na gishiri. Icing sugar don gamawa.
Shiri: Preheat tanda zuwa 210 ºC Sanya kwanon rufi tare da takarda takarda. A wanke, magudana, da rami cherries. Mix tare da gari, sukari, gishiri, da vanilla; a doke kwai daban, sai a narke man shanun, sannan a zuba a cikin busassun sinadaran tare da madara, a hade har sai da santsi. yi kama taro.
Zuba batter a cikin mold, rarraba cherries, gasa na minti 10 a 210 ºC Rage tanda zuwa 180 ° C kuma gasa na minti 20. Bari ya yi sanyi kadan kuma a yayyafa shi da sukari na icing. Kuna iya amfani da kowane 'ya'yan itace da kuke so, amma yana da kyau musamman tare da cherries masu dadi. m.
Wani ɗan gajeren jagora ga abubuwan sha tare da ceri
Baya ga barasa na gargajiya (kirsch, maraschino), syrup na ceri Yana haɓaka cocktails tare da whiskey ko ja vermouth, yayin da mai zaki ceri puree yana aiki tare da gin ko kyalli. Siffofin a cikin syrup, gabaɗaya ko a guntu, sune mafi kyawun topping don ice cream da sanyi kayan zaki.
Bayani mai dacewa don ƙwararru
Masu dafa abinci da irin kek za su iya zaɓar tsakanin cherries da cherries masu tsami duka ko yankakkentare da ma'auni daban-daban, tare da ko ba tare da kashi / peduncle ba, da kwantena masu dacewa da ƙarar: gwangwani, gilashi, tubs, guga ko kwali. Wannan modularity yana ba da izinin bayarwa da sauri da sauƙi da samarwa.
A cikin girke-girke na tanda, ceri yana riƙe da ainihi mafi kyau a cikin gauraye. kayan zaki da maiA cikin kayan zaki masu haske da kuma lokacin da aka ci danye, cherries masu zaki suna ƙara sabo, crunch, da taɓawa. m acidity.
A bayyane yake cewa ceri da ceri mai tsami suna raba iyali, amma suna tafiya a kan hanyoyi daban-daban: na farko, mai dadi da crunchy, yana haskakawa a cikin sabbin kayan abinci da haske; na biyu, acidic da tsanani, yana mulki a jams, liqueurs da sauces.
Sanin nau'ikan nau'ikan, yanayi, kulawa, da tsarin kasuwanci zai taimaka muku samun mafi kyawun kowane ɗayan, daga clafoutis mara lahani zuwa hadaddiyar giyar tare da cikakkiyar ado. Yanzu da kuka san sirrin waɗannan dangi na kusa, lokaci ya yi da za ku je kasuwa da lambun don fara amfani da su kamar ƙwararrun gaske!